---
title: Algiers remains marked by this battle, which was characterized by me… — Algiers · tree and pragmatics
description: Algiers remains marked by this battle, which was characterized by merciless fighting between FLN forces which carried out a guerrilla campaign against the French military and police and pro-French Algerian soldiers, and the French Army which responded with a bloody repression, torture and blanket te
---

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# Algiers, sentence 111

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From Wikipedia, [«Algiers»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algiers), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Algiers remains marked by this battle, which was characterized by merciless fighting between FLN forces which carried out a guerrilla campaign against the French military and police and pro-French Algerian soldiers, and the French Army which responded with a bloody repression, torture and blanket terrorism against the native population.

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**Who acts:** Algiers, merciless fighting, French Army · **What happens:** remain, mark, characterize, carry out, respond · **To what, where:** battle, guerrilla campaign

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Algiers». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Algiers, merciless fighting, French Army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Algiers:111
# text = Algiers remains marked by this battle, which was characterized by merciless fighting between FLN forces which carried out a guerrilla campaign against the French military and police and pro-French Algerian soldiers, and the French Army which responded with a bloody repression, torture and blanket terrorism against the native population.
1	Algiers	Algiers	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	marked	mark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	characterized	characterize	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	merciless	merciless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	fighting	fighting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl:agent	_	_
14	between	between	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	FLN	FLN	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
19	out	out	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	guerrilla	guerrilla	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	campaign	campaign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
23	against	against	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
25	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
26	military	military	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	pro-French	pro-french	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
31	Algerian	Algerian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	amod	_	_
37	Army	Army	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
38	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	_
39	responded	respond	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
40	with	with	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
42	bloody	bloody	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	repression	repression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
45	torture	torture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	conj	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
47	blanket	blanket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	compound	_	_
48	terrorism	terrorism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	conj	_	_
49	against	against	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
51	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	amod	_	_
52	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | present | Algiers |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mark** | participle | Algiers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by this battle | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent by battle=Destination |
| 3 | **characterize** | past · passive | merciless fighting between FLN forces | this battle |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 4 | **carry out** | past | merciless fighting between FLN forces | a guerrilla campaign |  |  |  | against the French military police and pro-French Algerian soldiers | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent campaign=Eventuality |
| 5 | **respond** *speech: other* | past | the French Army |  |  |  |  | with a bloody repression and torture and blanket terrorism against the native population; the French military police and pro-French Algerian soldiers *nsubj* | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent with repression=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Algiers», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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