---
title: Bicycles are used by all socio-economic groups because of their conv… — Amsterdam · tree and pragmatics
description: Bicycles are used by all socio-economic groups because of their convenience, Amsterdam's small size, the 400 km of bike paths, the flat terrain, and the inconvenience of driving an automobile. Who acts: socio-economic groups, inconvenience. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Amsterdam» with its dependency t
---

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# Amsterdam, sentence 665

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From Wikipedia, [«Amsterdam»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Bicycles are used by all socio-economic groups because of their convenience, Amsterdam's small size, the 400 km of bike paths, the flat terrain, and the inconvenience of driving an automobile.

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**Who acts:** socio-economic groups, inconvenience · **What happens:** use, drive · **To what, where:** Bicycles, automobile

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Amsterdam». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (socio-economic groups, inconvenience), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Amsterdam:665
# text = Bicycles are used by all socio-economic groups because of their convenience, Amsterdam's small size, the 400 km of bike paths, the flat terrain, and the inconvenience of driving an automobile.
1	Bicycles	bicycle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
6	socio-economic	socio-economic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	convenience	convenience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	Amsterdam	Amsterdam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	400	400	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	paths	path	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	terrain	terrain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	inconvenience	inconvenience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
32	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
33	driving	drive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	31	acl	_	_
34	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	automobile	automobile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive | all socio-economic groups | Bicycles |  |  |  | because bicycles's convenience and Amsterdam's small size and the 400 km of bike paths and the flat terrain; the inconvenience *parataxis* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **drive** | gerund | the inconvenience *not said here* | a automobile |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme automobile=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Amsterdam», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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