---
title: Benguela was fortified in 1587 and became a township in 1617. — Angola · tree and pragmatics
description: Benguela was fortified in 1587 and became a township in 1617. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Angola» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Angola, sentence 41

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From Wikipedia, [«Angola»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angola), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Benguela was fortified in 1587 and became a township in 1617.

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**What happens:** fortify, become · **To what, where:** Benguela, 1587, township, 1617

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Angola». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Angola:41
# text = Benguela was fortified in 1587 and became a township in 1617.
1	Benguela	Benguela	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	fortified	fortify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	1587	1587	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	township	township	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	1617	1617	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fortify** | past · passive |  | Benguela |  | 1587 |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **become** | past |  | a township |  |  |  | in 1617 *result* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1617=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Angola», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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