---
title: As the slave trade was the only commodity in which Europeans were in… — Angola · tree and pragmatics
description: As the slave trade was the only commodity in which Europeans were interested in the region during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Kongo economy was unable to diversify or later industrialise outside of sectors in which slavery was involved, such as the arms industry. Who acts: Europeans, Kongo econ
---

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# Angola, sentence 60

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From Wikipedia, [«Angola»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angola), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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As the slave trade was the only commodity in which Europeans were interested in the region during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Kongo economy was unable to diversify or later industrialise outside of sectors in which slavery was involved, such as the arms industry.

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**Who acts:** Europeans, Kongo economy, slavery · **What happens:** be, diversify, industrialise · **To what, where:** only commodity, sectors

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Angola». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Europeans, Kongo economy, slavery), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Angola:60
# text = As the slave trade was the only commodity in which Europeans were interested in the region during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Kongo economy was unable to diversify or later industrialise outside of sectors in which slavery was involved, such as the arms industry.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	slave	slave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	commodity	commodity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
11	Europeans	European	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	interested	interested	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	during	during	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
19	16th	16th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	22	amod	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	17th	17th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	19	conj	_	_
22	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	Kongo	Kongo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
28	unable	unable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	parataxis	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	diversify	diversify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	xcomp	_	_
31	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	33	advmod	_	_
33	industrialise	industrialise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	conj	_	_
34	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	sectors	sector	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	41	obl	_	_
39	slavery	slavery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
40	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	cop	_	_
41	involved	involved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
43	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	47	case	_	_
44	as	as	ADP	IN	_	43	fixed	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
46	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	compound	_	_
47	industry	industry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | the only commodity |  |  |  | as the slave trade | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | Europeans |  |  | the only commodity | century | in the region; interested *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | the Kongo economy |  |  |  |  | unable *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **diversify** | to-infinitive | the Kongo economy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **industrialise** | infinitive | the Kongo economy *not said here* |  |  |  |  | outside sectors; late *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **is** | past | slavery |  |  | sectors |  | involved *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Angola», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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