---
title: The city's population reached 1.4 million by the end of the 20th cen… — Antananarivo · tree and pragmatics
description: The city's population reached 1.4 million by the end of the 20th century; in 2013, it was estimated at nearly 2.1 million. Who acts: population. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Antananarivo» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Antananarivo, sentence 84

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From Wikipedia, [«Antananarivo»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antananarivo), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The city's population reached 1.4 million by the end of the 20th century; in 2013, it was estimated at nearly 2.1 million.

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**Who acts:** population · **What happens:** reach, estimate · **To what, where:** 1.4 million, population, 2013

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Antananarivo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (population), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Antananarivo:84
# text = The city's population reached 1.4 million by the end of the 20th century; in 2013, it was estimated at nearly 2.1 million.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	1.4	1.4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	compound	_	_
7	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	obj	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	20th	20th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	14	amod	_	_
14	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	2013	2013	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	estimated	estimate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
24	2.1	2.1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	compound	_	_
25	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | the city's population | 1.4 million |  |  | by the end of the 20th century |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent million=Theme |
| 2 | **estimate** | past · passive |  | population |  | 2013 |  | at 2.1 million | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: subject=Attribute at million=Value |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Antananarivo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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