---
title: The system has been in decline since the 1940s: regularly running up… — Argentina · tree and pragmatics
description: The system has been in decline since the 1940s: regularly running up large budgetary deficits. Who acts: system. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Argentina» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Argentina, sentence 363

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From Wikipedia, [«Argentina»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The system has been in decline since the 1940s: regularly running up large budgetary deficits.

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**Who acts:** system · **What happens:** be, run up · **To what, where:** decline, large budgetary deficits

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Argentina». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (system), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Argentina:363
# text = The system has been in decline since the 1940s: regularly running up large budgetary deficits.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	cop	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	decline	decline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	since	since	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	1940s	1940	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	regularly	regularly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	deficits	deficit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present · perfect | the system |  |  | decline | since the 1940s |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run up** | gerund | the system *not said here* | large budgetary deficits |  |  |  | regularly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme deficit=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Argentina», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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