---
title: In the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan and the 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay, Q… — Armenia · tree and pragmatics
description: In the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan and the 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay, Qajar Iran ceded to Russia the Karabakh, Erivan, and Nakhichevan Khanates. Who acts: Qajar. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Armenia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Armenia, sentence 106

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From Wikipedia, [«Armenia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan and the 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay, Qajar Iran ceded to Russia the Karabakh, Erivan, and Nakhichevan Khanates.

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**Who acts:** Qajar · **What happens:** cede · **To what, where:** Karabakh, Russia, 1813 Treaty

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Armenia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Qajar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Armenia:106
# text = In the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan and the 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay, Qajar Iran ceded to Russia the Karabakh, Erivan, and Nakhichevan Khanates.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	1813	1813	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	Treaty	Treaty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Gulistan	Gulistan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	1828	1828	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	Treaty	Treaty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Turkmenchay	Turkmenchay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
14	Qajar	Qajar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	Iran	Iran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	_
16	ceded	cede	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Karabakh	Karabakh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	Erivan	Erivan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	Nakhichevan	Nakhichevan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	Khanates	Khanate	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cede** | past | Qajar | the Karabakh and Erivan | Russia | the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan and the 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay |  | Nakhichevan Khanates *obl* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent karabakh=Theme to russia=Goal |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Armenia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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