---
title: Armenia has had strong economic growth since 1995, building on the t… — Armenia · tree and pragmatics
description: Armenia has had strong economic growth since 1995, building on the turnaround that began the previous year, and inflation has been negligible for the past several years. Who acts: Armenia, turnaround, inflation. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Armenia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Armenia, sentence 381

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From Wikipedia, [«Armenia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Armenia has had strong economic growth since 1995, building on the turnaround that began the previous year, and inflation has been negligible for the past several years.

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**Who acts:** Armenia, turnaround, inflation · **What happens:** have, build, begin, be · **To what, where:** strong economic growth, turnaround

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Armenia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Armenia, turnaround, inflation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Armenia:381
# text = Armenia has had strong economic growth since 1995, building on the turnaround that began the previous year, and inflation has been negligible for the past several years.
1	Armenia	Armenia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	economic	economic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	since	since	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1995	1995	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	building	build	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	turnaround	turnaround	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	previous	previous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
21	inflation	inflation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
22	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	cop	_	_
24	negligible	negligible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
27	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
28	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · perfect | Armenia | strong economic growth |  |  | since 1995 |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent growth=Patient |
| 2 | **build** | gerund | Armenia *not said here* |  |  | the turnaround |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on turnaround=Source |
| 3 | **begin** | past | the turnaround |  |  |  | year |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **is** | present · perfect | inflation |  |  |  | year | negligible *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Armenia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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