---
title: Four mountain ranges extend into city boundaries and thousands of ki… — Athens · tree and pragmatics
description: Four mountain ranges extend into city boundaries and thousands of kilometres of trails criss-cross the city and neighbouring areas, providing exercise and wilderness access on foot and on bicycle. Who acts: Four mountain ranges. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Athens» with its dependency tree and pragmat
---

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# Athens, sentence 439

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From Wikipedia, [«Athens»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athens), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Four mountain ranges extend into city boundaries and thousands of kilometres of trails criss-cross the city and neighbouring areas, providing exercise and wilderness access on foot and on bicycle.

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**Who acts:** Four mountain ranges · **What happens:** extend, neighbour, provide · **To what, where:** city boundaries, exercise

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Athens». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Four mountain ranges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Athens:439
# text = Four mountain ranges extend into city boundaries and thousands of kilometres of trails criss-cross the city and neighbouring areas, providing exercise and wilderness access on foot and on bicycle.
1	Four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
2	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ranges	range	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	extend	extend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	boundaries	boundary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	trails	trail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	criss	criss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	cross	cross	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	neighbouring	neighbour	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	amod	_	_
21	areas	area	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	providing	provide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
24	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
27	access	access	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
28	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	on	on	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	bicycle	bicycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extend** | present | Four mountain ranges |  |  | city boundaries of kilometres of trails and criss cross and thousands |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent into boundary=Path |
| 2 | **neighbour** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **provide** | gerund | Four mountain ranges *not said here* | exercise and wilderness |  |  |  | access and bicycle *obj* | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Precondition exercise=Beneficiary access=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Athens», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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