---
title: However, it is estimated that 70% of Australian species have not bee… — Australia · tree and pragmatics
description: However, it is estimated that 70% of Australian species have not been discovered and classified and that there may be 600,000 Australian native species. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Australia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Australia, sentence 179

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From Wikipedia, [«Australia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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However, it is estimated that 70% of Australian species have not been discovered and classified and that there may be 600,000 Australian native species.

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**What happens:** estimate, not discover, be · **To what, where:** region, 600,000 Australian native species

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Australia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Australia:179
# text = However, it is estimated that 70% of Australian species have not been discovered and classified and that there may be 600,000 Australian native species.
1	However	however	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	estimated	estimate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
7	70	70	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	Australian	Australian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
14	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	discovered	discover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	ccomp	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	classified	classified	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	22	expl	_	_
21	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	cop	_	_
23	600,000	600,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
24	Australian	Australian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
25	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **estimate** | present · passive |  | region |  |  |  | however *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **discover** | present · perfect · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 3 | **is a** | infinitive |  | 600,000 Australian native species |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Australia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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