---
title: Acacia, banksia and eucalypts have spread over much of Australia. — Australia · tree and pragmatics
description: Acacia, banksia and eucalypts have spread over much of Australia. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Australia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Australia, sentence 185

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From Wikipedia, [«Australia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Acacia, banksia and eucalypts have spread over much of Australia.

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**What happens:** spread · **To what, where:** Acacia, much

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Australia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Australia:185
# text = Acacia, banksia and eucalypts have spread over much of Australia.
1	Acacia	acacia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	banksia	banksia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	eucalypts	eucalypt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	spread	spread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | present · perfect · passive |  | Acacia and banksia and eucalypts |  | much of Australia |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme over much=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Australia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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