---
title: It has the highest rate of skin cancer in the world, while cigarette… — Australia · tree and pragmatics
description: It has the highest rate of skin cancer in the world, while cigarette smoking is the largest preventable cause of death and disease, responsible for 7.8% of the total mortality and disease. Who acts: expectancy, cigarette smoking. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Australia» with its dependency tree and pra
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Australia/355/)

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# Australia, sentence 355

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From Wikipedia, [«Australia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It has the highest rate of skin cancer in the world, while cigarette smoking is the largest preventable cause of death and disease, responsible for 7.8% of the total mortality and disease.

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**Who acts:** expectancy, cigarette smoking · **What happens:** have, be · **To what, where:** highest rate, largest preventable cause

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Australia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (expectancy, cigarette smoking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Australia:355
# text = It has the highest rate of skin cancer in the world, while cigarette smoking is the largest preventable cause of death and disease, responsible for 7.8% of the total mortality and disease.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	rate	rate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	cancer	cancer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
14	cigarette	cigarette	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	smoking	smoking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	20	amod	_	_
19	preventable	preventable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	responsible	responsible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	parataxis	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	7.8	7.8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	29	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	total	total	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	mortality	mortality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | expectancy | the highest rate of skin cancer in the world |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rate=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | cigarette smoking | the largest preventable cause |  |  |  | of death and disease | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Australia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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