---
title: German proficiency is essential in public schools, and children's la… — Austria · tree and pragmatics
description: German proficiency is essential in public schools, and children's language skills are assessed using the MIKA-D test upon admission. Who acts: German proficiency, MIKA. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Austria» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Austria, sentence 403

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From Wikipedia, [«Austria»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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German proficiency is essential in public schools, and children's language skills are assessed using the MIKA-D test upon admission.

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**Who acts:** German proficiency, MIKA · **What happens:** be, assess, use, test · **To what, where:** public schools, language skills

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Austria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (German proficiency, MIKA), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Austria:403
# text = German proficiency is essential in public schools, and children's language skills are assessed using the MIKA-D test upon admission.
1	German	German	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	essential	essential	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
10	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	skills	skill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	assessed	assess	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
16	using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	xcomp	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
18	MIKA	MIKA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	D	D	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
22	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	admission	admission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | German proficiency |  |  | public schools |  | essential *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **assess** | present · passive |  | children's language skills |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **test** |  | MIKA |  |  |  |  | upon admission | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Austria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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