---
title: In the Soviet era, literacy and average education levels rose dramat… — Azerbaijan · tree and pragmatics
description: In the Soviet era, literacy and average education levels rose dramatically from their very low starting point, despite two changes in the standard alphabet, from Perso-Arabic script to Latin in the 1920s and from Roman to Cyrillic in the 1930s. Who acts: literacy. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Azerbaij
---

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# Azerbaijan, sentence 392

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From Wikipedia, [«Azerbaijan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In the Soviet era, literacy and average education levels rose dramatically from their very low starting point, despite two changes in the standard alphabet, from Perso-Arabic script to Latin in the 1920s and from Roman to Cyrillic in the 1930s.

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**Who acts:** literacy · **What happens:** rise, point · **To what, where:** Soviet era

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Azerbaijan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (literacy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Azerbaijan:392
# text = In the Soviet era, literacy and average education levels rose dramatically from their very low starting point, despite two changes in the standard alphabet, from Perso-Arabic script to Latin in the 1920s and from Roman to Cyrillic in the 1930s.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Soviet	Soviet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	literacy	literacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	average	average	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	education	education	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	levels	level	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	dramatically	dramatically	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
15	very	very	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	starting	starting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	despite	despite	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	changes	change	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	standard	standard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Perso	Perso	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	-	-	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	script	script	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Latin	Latin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	1920s	1920s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	32	nmod	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
39	from	from	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	_
41	to	to	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	Cyrillic	cyrillic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	conj	_	_
43	in	in	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	1930s	1930	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	42	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | literacy and average education levels |  |  | the Soviet era |  | from literacy's low starting point; two changes in the standard alphabet from Perso *conj*; dramatically *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in era=Location |
| 2 | **point** |  | literacy |  |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Azerbaijan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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