---
title: Four types of salinisation of the aquifer are identified: brackish-w… — Bahrain · tree and pragmatics
description: Four types of salinisation of the aquifer are identified: brackish-water up-flow from the underlying brackish-water zones in north-central, western, and eastern regions; seawater intrusion in the eastern region; intrusion of sabkha water in the southwestern region; and irrigation return flow in a lo
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bahrain/199/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Bahrain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bahrain/) / 199

# Bahrain, sentence 199

<!-- div src -->

From Wikipedia, [«Bahrain»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Four types of salinisation of the aquifer are identified: brackish-water up-flow from the underlying brackish-water zones in north-central, western, and eastern regions; seawater intrusion in the eastern region; intrusion of sabkha water in the southwestern region; and irrigation return flow in a local area in the western region.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sabkha water · **What happens:** identify, type, intrude · **To what, where:** Four types, underlying water zones, salinisation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bahrain». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sabkha water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Bahrain:199
# text = Four types of salinisation of the aquifer are identified: brackish-water up-flow from the underlying brackish-water zones in north-central, western, and eastern regions; seawater intrusion in the eastern region; intrusion of sabkha water in the southwestern region; and irrigation return flow in a local area in the western region.
1	Four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	types	type	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	salinisation	salinisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	aquifer	aquifer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	identified	identify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	brackish	brackish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	flow	flow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
19	underlying	underlying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
20	brackish	brackish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	zones	zone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	central	central	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	regions	region	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	seawater	seawater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	intrusion	intrusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
42	intrusion	intrusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	sabkha	sabkha	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	compound	_	_
45	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
46	in	in	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
48	southwestern	southwestern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	54	punct	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	54	cc	_	_
52	irrigation	irrigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	compound	_	_
53	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	compound	_	_
54	flow	flow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
55	in	in	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
56	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
57	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	_
58	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	nmod	_	_
59	in	in	ADP	IN	_	62	case	_	_
60	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
61	western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	62	amod	_	_
62	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | present · passive |  | Four types of salinisation of the aquifer |  | the underlying water zones in north central |  | brackish water up flow *obl*; eastern regions *obl*; seawater intrusion in the eastern region *obl*; intrusion of sabkha water in the southwestern region *obl*; return flow in a local area in the western region *obl* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **type** |  |  | salinisation of the aquifer |  |  |  |  | nom type «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **intrude** |  | sabkha water in the southwestern region |  |  |  |  |  | nom intrusion «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Bahrain», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 198](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bahrain/198/)
- next →: [sentence 200](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bahrain/200/)
- ↑ back to [Bahrain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bahrain/)