---
title: The seven families of Beirut are the families who bonded among each… — Beirut · tree and pragmatics
description: The seven families of Beirut are the families who bonded among each other and made the famous historical agreement with the governor of the Syrian Coast in 1351 to protect and defend the city of Beirut and its shores, and chase the invaders and stop their progress towards it. Who acts: seven familie
---

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# Beirut, sentence 119

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From Wikipedia, [«Beirut»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beirut), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The seven families of Beirut are the families who bonded among each other and made the famous historical agreement with the governor of the Syrian Coast in 1351 to protect and defend the city of Beirut and its shores, and chase the invaders and stop their progress towards it.

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**Who acts:** seven families, families, invaders · **What happens:** be, bond, make, protect, defend, chase · **To what, where:** families, famous historical agreement, 1351, city, invaders, progress

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Beirut». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (seven families, families, invaders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Beirut:119
# text = The seven families of Beirut are the families who bonded among each other and made the famous historical agreement with the governor of the Syrian Coast in 1351 to protect and defend the city of Beirut and its shores, and chase the invaders and stop their progress towards it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Beirut	Beirut	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	bonded	bond	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	among	among	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	10	obl	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	fixed	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	historical	historical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	agreement	agreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	governor	governor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	Syrian	Syrian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	Coast	Coast	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	1351	1351	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	protect	protect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	defend	defend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	conj	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	Beirut	Beirut	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
38	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	shores	shore	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	chase	chase	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	invaders	invader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obj	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	stop	stop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	conj	_	_
47	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	progress	progress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obj	_	_
49	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
50	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	46	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the seven families of Beirut | the families |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bond** | past | the families |  |  |  |  | among each | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | past | the families *not said here* | the famous historical agreement |  | 1351 |  | with the governor of the Syrian Coast | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset agreement=Product |
| 4 | **protect** | to-infinitive | the families *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **defend** | infinitive | the families *not said here* | the city of Beirut and family's shores |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Beneficiary |
| 6 | **chase** | infinitive |  | the invaders |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent invader=Theme |
| 7 | **stop** | present |  | invaders's progress |  |  |  | towards family | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality progress=Eventuality |
| 8 | **progress** |  | invaders *= invader* |  |  |  |  |  | nom progress «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Beirut», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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