---
title: In 2017, Beirut introduced a bike sharing service in certain areas o… — Beirut · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2017, Beirut introduced a bike sharing service in certain areas of the city. Who acts: Beirut, bike. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Beirut» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Beirut, sentence 345

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From Wikipedia, [«Beirut»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beirut), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 2017, Beirut introduced a bike sharing service in certain areas of the city.

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**Who acts:** Beirut, bike · **What happens:** introduce, share · **To what, where:** bike, 2017, service, certain areas

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Beirut». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Beirut, bike), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Beirut:345
# text = In 2017, Beirut introduced a bike sharing service in certain areas of the city.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2017	2017	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Beirut	Beirut	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	sharing	share	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	areas	area	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **introduce** | past | Beirut | a bike |  | 2017 |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bike=Patient |
| 2 | **share** | gerund | a bike *not said here* | service |  | certain areas of the city |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Beirut», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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