---
title: Amnesty International, and Human Rights Watch have criticised Lukash… — Belarus · tree and pragmatics
description: Amnesty International, and Human Rights Watch have criticised Lukashenko's violations of human rights. Who acts: Human Rights, Lukashenko. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Belarus» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Belarus, sentence 264

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From Wikipedia, [«Belarus»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarus), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Amnesty International, and Human Rights Watch have criticised Lukashenko's violations of human rights.

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**Who acts:** Human Rights, Lukashenko · **What happens:** watch, criticise, violate · **To what, where:** Amnesty International, human rights

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Belarus». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Human Rights, Lukashenko), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Belarus:264
# text = Amnesty International, and Human Rights Watch have criticised Lukashenko's violations of human rights.
1	Amnesty	Amnesty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	International	International	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	Human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	Rights	Right	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	Watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	criticised	criticise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	Lukashenko	Lukashenko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	violations	violation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	rights	right	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | infinitive | Human Rights |  |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **criticise** | present · perfect · passive |  | Amnesty International |  |  |  | Lukashenko's violations of human rights *obj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **violate** |  | Lukashenko | human rights |  |  |  |  | nom violation «act transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Belarus», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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