---
title: As a result, Western visitors to Belgrade in the late 1960s were ast… — Belgrade · tree and pragmatics
description: As a result, Western visitors to Belgrade in the late 1960s were astonished to see that the main streets were dominated by gigantic and garish billboards promoting Western brands such as Coca-Cola, Volkswagen, Siemens and Pan Am, giving Belgrade a very Western feel. Who acts: Western visitors, gigan
---

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# Belgrade, sentence 157

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From Wikipedia, [«Belgrade»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgrade), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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As a result, Western visitors to Belgrade in the late 1960s were astonished to see that the main streets were dominated by gigantic and garish billboards promoting Western brands such as Coca-Cola, Volkswagen, Siemens and Pan Am, giving Belgrade a very Western feel.

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**Who acts:** Western visitors, gigantic billboards · **What happens:** be, see, dominate, promote, give · **To what, where:** main streets, Western brands, Western feel, Belgrade · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Belgrade». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Western visitors, gigantic billboards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Belgrade:157
# text = As a result, Western visitors to Belgrade in the late 1960s were astonished to see that the main streets were dominated by gigantic and garish billboards promoting Western brands such as Coca-Cola, Volkswagen, Siemens and Pan Am, giving Belgrade a very Western feel.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	visitors	visitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Belgrade	Belgrade	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	1960s	1960s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	astonished	astonished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	dominated	dominate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	ccomp	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
24	gigantic	gigantic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	garish	garish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	_
27	billboards	billboard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl:agent	_	_
28	promoting	promote	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	27	acl	_	_
29	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	brands	brand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
31	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	33	case	_	_
32	as	as	ADP	IN	_	31	fixed	_	_
33	Coca	Coca	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	Cola	Cola	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
37	Volkswagen	Volkswagen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
39	Siemens	Siemens	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
41	Pan	Pan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	_
42	Am	Am	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
44	giving	give	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	conj	_	_
45	Belgrade	Belgrade	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	44	iobj	_	_
46	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
47	very	very	ADV	RB	_	48	advmod	_	_
48	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	feel	feel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Western visitors to Belgrade in the late 1960s |  |  |  |  | as a result; astonished *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | Western visitors to Belgrade in the late 1960s *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **dominate** | past · passive | gigantic billboards | the main streets |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme |
| 4 | **promote** | gerund | gigantic billboards *not said here* | Western brands |  |  |  | such Coca and Cola and Volkswagen and Siemens and Pan | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brand=Theme |
| 5 | **give** | gerund | gigantic billboards *not said here* | a Western feel | Belgrade |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent belgrade=Recipient feel=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Belgrade», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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