---
title: Perceptions of the government's relief effort as inadequate were agg… — Belize · tree and pragmatics
description: Perceptions of the government's relief effort as inadequate were aggravated by its refusal to legalize labour unions or introduce a minimum wage. Who acts: refusal, effort. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Belize» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Belize, sentence 73

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From Wikipedia, [«Belize»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belize), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Perceptions of the government's relief effort as inadequate were aggravated by its refusal to legalize labour unions or introduce a minimum wage.

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**Who acts:** refusal, effort · **What happens:** aggravate, legalize, introduce, perceive, refuse · **To what, where:** Perceptions, labour unions, minimum wage, relief effort

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Belize». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (refusal, effort), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Belize:73
# text = Perceptions of the government's relief effort as inadequate were aggravated by its refusal to legalize labour unions or introduce a minimum wage.
1	Perceptions	perception	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	nmod	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	aggravated	aggravate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	legalize	legalize	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
17	labour	labour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	unions	union	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	introduce	introduce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	minimum	minimum	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	wage	wage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aggravate** | past · passive | effort's refusal | Perceptions of the government's relief effort as inadequate |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **legalize** | to-infinitive | effort's refusal *not said here* | labour unions |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **introduce** | infinitive | effort's refusal *not said here* | a minimum wage |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wage=Patient |
| 4 | **perceive** |  |  | the government's relief effort as inadequate |  |  |  |  | nom perception «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 5 | **refuse** |  | effort |  |  |  |  |  | nom refusal «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Belize», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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