---
title: According to the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Analy… — Benin · tree and pragmatics
description: According to the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Analysis in Benin, those living under the poverty line have increased from 36.2% in 2011 to 40.1% in 2015. Who acts: National Institute. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Benin» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Benin, sentence 220

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From Wikipedia, [«Benin»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benin), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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According to the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Analysis in Benin, those living under the poverty line have increased from 36.2% in 2011 to 40.1% in 2015.

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**Who acts:** National Institute · **What happens:** accord, live, increase · **To what, where:** poverty line, National Institute

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Benin». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (National Institute), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Benin:220
# text = According to the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Analysis in Benin, those living under the poverty line have increased from 36.2% in 2011 to 40.1% in 2015.
1	According	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	case	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	National	National	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Institute	Institute	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Statistics	Statistic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	Economic	Economic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Analysis	Analysis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Benin	Benin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
14	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	_
16	under	under	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	poverty	poverty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	increased	increase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	36.2	36.2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	2011	2011	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	obl	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	40.1	40.1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	29	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	2015	2015	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **live** | gerund |  |  |  | the poverty line |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under line=Location |
| 3 | **increase** | present · perfect · passive | the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Analysis in Benin *not said here* | the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Analysis in Benin |  |  |  | in 2011 | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute NP.extent PP.initial\_state PP.result»: subject=Extent from %=Initial\_State in 2011=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Benin», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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