---
title: As of September 2017, the resident population stood at 142,349, of w… — Bern · tree and pragmatics
description: As of September 2017, the resident population stood at 142,349, of which 100,000 were Swiss citizens and 42,349 (31%) resident foreigners. Who acts: resident population. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Bern» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Bern, sentence 50

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From Wikipedia, [«Bern»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bern), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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As of September 2017, the resident population stood at 142,349, of which 100,000 were Swiss citizens and 42,349 (31%) resident foreigners.

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**Who acts:** resident population · **What happens:** stand, be · **To what, where:** 142,349, 100,000 Swiss citizens

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bern». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (resident population), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Bern:50
# text = As of September 2017, the resident population stood at 142,349, of which 100,000 were Swiss citizens and 42,349 (31%) resident foreigners.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	3	case	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	September	September	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	2017	2017	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	resident	resident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	142,349	142,349	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	advcl:relcl	_	_
15	100,000	100000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	Swiss	Swiss	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	citizens	citizen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
20	42,349	42,349	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
21	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	31	31	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	23	punct	_	_
25	resident	resident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	foreigners	foreigner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the resident population |  |  | 142,349 | september | which *advcl:relcl* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at 142,349=Location |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | 100,000 Swiss citizens and 42,349 % resident foreigners |  |  |  | 42,349 % resident foreigners *conj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Bern», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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