---
title: It is composed of five councillors (Gemeinderat/-rätin, conseiller/c… — Bern · tree and pragmatics
description: It is composed of five councillors (Gemeinderat/-rätin, conseiller/conseillère municipal(e)), each presiding over a directorate (de: Direktion, fr: direction) comprising several departments and bureaus. Who acts: each, de. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Bern» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Bern, sentence 75

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From Wikipedia, [«Bern»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bern), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It is composed of five councillors (Gemeinderat/-rätin, conseiller/conseillère municipal(e)), each presiding over a directorate (de: Direktion, fr: direction) comprising several departments and bureaus.

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**Who acts:** each, de · **What happens:** compose, preside, comprise · **To what, where:** Council, Gemeinderat, directorate, several departments

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bern». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (each, de), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Bern:75
# text = It is composed of five councillors (Gemeinderat/-rätin, conseiller/conseillère municipal(e)), each presiding over a directorate (de: Direktion, fr: direction) comprising several departments and bureaus.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	composed	compose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	councillors	councillor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Gemeinderat	Gemeinderat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	/	/	SYM	,	_	11	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	rätin	rätin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	conseiller/conseillère	conseiller/conseillère	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	municipal	municipal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	e	e	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	))	))	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	nsubj	_	_
20	presiding	preside	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	acl	_	_
21	over	over	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	directorate	directorate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	de	de	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
27	Direktion	direktion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	fr	fr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
31	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	31	punct	_	_
33	comprising	comprise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	acl	_	_
34	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	departments	department	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	bureaus	bureau	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compose** | present · passive |  | Council |  |  |  | of five councillors | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **preside** | gerund | each | Gemeinderat / rätin *not said here* |  | a directorate and de and Direktion and fr |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **comprise** | gerund | de and Direktion and fr *not said here* | several departments and bureaus |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme department=Pivot |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Bern», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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