---
title: Although Bhutan's natural heritage is still largely intact, the gove… — Bhutan · tree and pragmatics
description: Although Bhutan's natural heritage is still largely intact, the government has said that it cannot be taken for granted and that conservation of the natural environment must be considered one of the challenges that will need to be addressed in the years ahead. Who acts: natural heritage, government,
---

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# Bhutan, sentence 185

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From Wikipedia, [«Bhutan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhutan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Although Bhutan's natural heritage is still largely intact, the government has said that it cannot be taken for granted and that conservation of the natural environment must be considered one of the challenges that will need to be addressed in the years ahead.

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**Who acts:** natural heritage, government, challenges · **What happens:** be, say, not take, grant, consider, need · **To what, where:** it, conservation, natural environment · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bhutan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (natural heritage, government, challenges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Bhutan:185
# text = Although Bhutan's natural heritage is still largely intact, the government has said that it cannot be taken for granted and that conservation of the natural environment must be considered one of the challenges that will need to be addressed in the years ahead.
1	Although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
2	Bhutan	Bhutan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	heritage	heritage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	still	still	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	largely	largely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	intact	intact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	ccomp	_	_
21	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
22	granted	grant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	advcl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
24	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	25	det	_	_
25	conservation	conservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	environment	environment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
30	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	considered	consider	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
33	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	xcomp	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	challenges	challenge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
37	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	_
38	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	acl:relcl	_	_
40	to	to	PART	TO	_	42	mark	_	_
41	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	aux:pass	_	_
42	addressed	address	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	39	xcomp	_	_
43	in	in	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obl	_	_
46	ahead	ahead	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Bhutan's natural heritage |  |  |  | still | intact, largely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · perfect | the government |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **take** | can · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **grant** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **consider** | must · passive |  | that conservation of the natural environment |  |  |  | one of the challenges *xcomp* | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute |
| 6 | **need** | future | the challenges |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 7 | **address** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | the challenges *not said here* |  |  |  | year |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP» |
| 8 | **conserve** |  |  | the natural environment |  |  |  |  | nom conservation «event transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Bhutan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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