---
title: The Muisca warrior elite were allowed to wear feathered crowns, from… — Bogotá · tree and pragmatics
description: The Muisca warrior elite were allowed to wear feathered crowns, from parrots and macaws whose habitat was to the east of the Andes; the Arawakan-speaking Guayupe, Tegua and Achagua. Who acts: Muisca warrior elite, habitat. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Bogotá» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Bogotá, sentence 46

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From Wikipedia, [«Bogotá»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogotá), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Muisca warrior elite were allowed to wear feathered crowns, from parrots and macaws whose habitat was to the east of the Andes; the Arawakan-speaking Guayupe, Tegua and Achagua.

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**Who acts:** Muisca warrior elite, habitat · **What happens:** allow, wear, be, speak · **To what, where:** Muisca warrior elite, feathered crowns · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bogotá». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Muisca warrior elite, habitat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Bogotá:46
# text = The Muisca warrior elite were allowed to wear feathered crowns, from parrots and macaws whose habitat was to the east of the Andes; the Arawakan-speaking Guayupe, Tegua and Achagua.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Muisca	Muisca	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	warrior	warrior	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	elite	elite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	feathered	feathered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	crowns	crown	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	parrots	parrot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	macaws	macaw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
16	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	habitat	habitat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	east	east	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	acl:relcl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Andes	Ande	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
27	Arawakan	Arawakan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	30	amod	_	_
30	Guayupe	Guayupe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	Tegua	Tegua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	flat	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	Achagua	Achagua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | past · passive |  | the Muisca warrior elite |  |  |  | the speaking Guayupe and Achagua *obl* | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **wear** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Muisca warrior elite *not said here* | feathered crowns and parrots and macaws |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent crown=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the east's habitat |  |  |  |  | to the east; of the Andes | tree rules |
| 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | Arawakan *compound* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Bogotá», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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