---
title: The law defines Mother Earth as "a collective subject of public inte… — Bolivia · tree and pragmatics
description: The law defines Mother Earth as "a collective subject of public interest," declaring both Mother Earth and life-systems (which combine human communities and ecosystems) as titleholders of inherent rights specified in the law. Who acts: law, life systems. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Bolivia» with its 
---

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# Bolivia, sentence 277

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From Wikipedia, [«Bolivia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The law defines Mother Earth as "a collective subject of public interest," declaring both Mother Earth and life-systems (which combine human communities and ecosystems) as titleholders of inherent rights specified in the law.

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**Who acts:** law, life systems · **What happens:** define, declare, combine, specify · **To what, where:** Mother Earth, human communities, inherent rights, law

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bolivia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (law, life systems), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Bolivia:277
# text = The law defines Mother Earth as "a collective subject of public interest," declaring both Mother Earth and life-systems (which combine human communities and ecosystems) as titleholders of inherent rights specified in the law.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	defines	define	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Mother	Mother	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	_
16	declaring	declare	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
17	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	nsubj	_	_
18	Mother	Mother	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	systems	system	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
24	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	combine	combine	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
27	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	communities	community	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	23	punct	_	_
32	as	as	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	titleholders	titleholder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	inherent	inherent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	rights	right	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
37	specified	specify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	36	acl	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **define** | present | the law | Mother Earth |  |  |  | as a collective subject of public interest | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent earth=Theme as subject=Attribute |
| 2 | **declare** *speech: other* | gerund | the law *not said here* | Mother Earth |  |  |  | as titleholders of inherent rights; life systems *conj* | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent as titleholder=Attribute |
| 3 | **combine** | present | life systems | human communities and ecosystems |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent community=Patient |
| 4 | **specify** | participle |  | inherent rights *not said here* |  | the law |  |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Bolivia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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