---
title: The Ottomans referred to them as kristianlar while the Orthodox and… — Bosnia and Herzegovina · tree and pragmatics
description: The Ottomans referred to them as kristianlar while the Orthodox and Catholics were called gebir or kafir, meaning "unbeliever". Who acts: Ottomans. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Bosnia and Herzegovina» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Bosnia and Herzegovina, sentence 110

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From Wikipedia, [«Bosnia and Herzegovina»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Ottomans referred to them as kristianlar while the Orthodox and Catholics were called gebir or kafir, meaning "unbeliever".

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**Who acts:** Ottomans · **What happens:** refer, call, mean · **To what, where:** conversions, Orthodox, unbeliever · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bosnia and Herzegovina». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ottomans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Bosnia_and_Herzegovina:110
# text = The Ottomans referred to them as kristianlar while the Orthodox and Catholics were called gebir or kafir, meaning "unbeliever".
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Ottomans	Ottoman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	referred	refer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	kristianlar	kristianlar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Orthodox	orthodox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Catholics	Catholic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
15	gebir	gebir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	xcomp	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	kafir	kafir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
20	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	unbeliever	unbeliever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refer** | past | the Ottomans |  | conversions *= conversion* |  |  | as kristianlar | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to they=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **call** | past · passive |  | the Orthodox and Catholics |  |  |  | gebir or kafir *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 3 | **mean** | gerund |  | unbeliever |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent unbeliever=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Bosnia and Herzegovina», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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