---
title: Bosnia and Herzegovina has been an EU candidate country since 2022,… — Bosnia and Herzegovina · tree and pragmatics
description: Bosnia and Herzegovina has been an EU candidate country since 2022, and a NATO membership candidate since 2010. Who acts: Bosnia. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Bosnia and Herzegovina» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Bosnia and Herzegovina, sentence 25

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From Wikipedia, [«Bosnia and Herzegovina»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Bosnia and Herzegovina has been an EU candidate country since 2022, and a NATO membership candidate since 2010.

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**Who acts:** Bosnia · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** candidate country

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bosnia and Herzegovina». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bosnia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Bosnia_and_Herzegovina:25
# text = Bosnia and Herzegovina has been an EU candidate country since 2022, and a NATO membership candidate since 2010.
1	Bosnia	Bosnia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Herzegovina	Herzegovina	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	EU	EU	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	candidate	candidate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	since	since	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	2022	2022	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	NATO	NATO	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
16	membership	membership	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	candidate	candidate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
18	since	since	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	2010	2010	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present · perfect | Bosnia and Herzegovina | a candidate country and a NATO membership candidate since 2010 |  |  | since 2022 | a NATO membership candidate since 2010 *conj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Bosnia and Herzegovina», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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