--- title: Bosnia and Herzegovina — English Wikipedia · full text with trees · page 5 description: Wikipedia's «Bosnia and Herzegovina», whole, every sentence with its dependency tree and pragmatics, CC BY-SA 4.0. It begins: Bosnia and Herzegovina, often referred to as Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/page/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / Bosnia and Herzegovina # Bosnia and Herzegovina · page 5 From Wikipedia, [«Bosnia and Herzegovina»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/) … [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/page/4/) **5** [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/page/6/) [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/page/7/) Bosnia and Herzegovina is the 61st most peaceful country in the world, according to the 2024 [Global Peace Index](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Peace_Index).[\[170\]](../../page/7/#ref-170 "note 170")[314](../../314/ "tree and pragmatics") ### Military Main article: [Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) \*\*Branches of the Bosnian-Herzegovian Armed Forces[315](../../315/ "tree and pragmatics") | | | | --- | --- | | [Bosnian Ground Forces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina); Combined Resolve XV | [Bosnian Air Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_and_Anti-Aircraft_Defence_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina); [TH-1H Huey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_UH-1_Iroquois) [main transport aircraft](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_transport_aircraft) | The [Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) (OSBiH) were unified into a single entity in 2005, with the merger of the [Army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) and the [Army of Republika Srpska](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_of_Republika_Srpska), which had defended their respective regions.[\[171\]](../../page/7/#ref-171 "note 171")[316](../../316/ "tree and pragmatics") The [Ministry of Defence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_%28Bosnia_and_Herzegovina%29) was formed in 2004.[\[172\]](../../page/7/#ref-172 "note 172")[317](../../317/ "tree and pragmatics") The Bosnian military consists of the [Bosnian Ground Forces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) and [Air Force and Air Defense](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_and_Anti-Aircraft_Defence_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina).[\[173\]](../../page/7/#ref-173 "note 173")[318](../../318/ "tree and pragmatics") The Ground Forces number 7,200 active and 5,000 reserve personnel.[\[174\]](../../page/7/#ref-174 "note 174")[319](../../319/ "tree and pragmatics") They are armed with a mix of American, Yugoslav, Soviet, and European-made weaponry, vehicles, and military equipment.[320](../../320/ "tree and pragmatics") The Air Force and Air Defense Forces have 1,500 personnel and about 62 aircraft.[321](../../321/ "tree and pragmatics") The Air Defense Forces operate [MANPADS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man-portable_air-defense_system) hand-held missiles, [surface-to-air missile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile) (SAM) batteries, anti-aircraft cannons, and radar.[322](../../322/ "tree and pragmatics") The Army has recently adopted remodeled [MARPAT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARPAT) uniforms, used by Bosnian soldiers serving with the [International Security Assistance Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Security_Assistance_Force) (ISAF) in [Afghanistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan) [corpus](../../../Afghanistan/ "in our corpus").[323](../../323/ "tree and pragmatics") A domestic production program is now underway to ensure that army units are equipped with the correct ammunition.[\[175\]](../../page/7/#ref-175 "note 175")[324](../../324/ "tree and pragmatics") Beginning in 2007, the Ministry of Defence undertook the army's first ever international assistance mission, enlisting the military to serve with ISAF peace missions to Afghanistan, [Iraq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq) [corpus](../../../Iraq/ "in our corpus") and the [Democratic Republic of the Congo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo) [corpus](../../../Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo/ "in our corpus") in 2007.[325](../../325/ "tree and pragmatics") Five officers, acting as officers/advisors, served in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.[326](../../326/ "tree and pragmatics") 45 soldiers, mostly acting as base security and medical assistants, served in Afghanistan.[327](../../327/ "tree and pragmatics") 85 Bosnian soldiers served as base security in Iraq, occasionally conducting infantry patrols there as well.[328](../../328/ "tree and pragmatics") All three deployed groups have been commended by their respective international forces as well as the Ministry of Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina.[329](../../329/ "tree and pragmatics") The international assistance operations are still ongoing.[\[176\]](../../page/7/#ref-176 "note 176")[330](../../330/ "tree and pragmatics") The Air Force and Anti-Aircraft Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina was formed when elements of the Army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the [Republika Srpska Air Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Srpska_Air_Force) were merged in 2006.[331](../../331/ "tree and pragmatics") The Air Force has seen improvements in the last few years with added funds for aircraft repairs and improved cooperation with the [Ground Forces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army) as well as to the citizens of the country.[332](../../332/ "tree and pragmatics") The Ministry of Defence is pursuing the acquisition of new aircraft including helicopters and perhaps even fighter jets.[\[177\]](../../page/7/#ref-177 "note 177")[333](../../333/ "tree and pragmatics") ## Economy Main article: [Economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) See also: [List of companies of Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) During the [Bosnian War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnian_War), the economy suffered €200 billion in material damages, roughly €356.80 billion in 2025 (inflation adjusted).[\[178\]](../../page/7/#ref-178 "note 178")[\[179\]](../../page/7/#ref-179 "note 179")[334](../../334/ "tree and pragmatics") Bosnia and Herzegovina faces the dual-problem of rebuilding a war-torn country and introducing transitional liberal market reforms to its formerly mixed economy.[335](../../335/ "tree and pragmatics") One legacy of the previous era is a strong industry; under former republic president [Džemal Bijedić](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Džemal_Bijedić) and [Yugoslav](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia) President [Josip Broz Tito](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito), metal industries were promoted in the republic, resulting in the development of a large share of Yugoslavia's plants; [SR Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) had a very strong industrial export oriented economy in the 1970s and 1980s, with large scale exports worth millions of [US$](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USD).[336](../../336/ "tree and pragmatics") For most of Bosnia's history, agriculture has been conducted on privately owned farms; fresh food has traditionally been exported from the republic.[\[180\]](../../page/7/#ref-180 "note 180")[337](../../337/ "tree and pragmatics") The war in the 1990s, caused a dramatic change in the Bosnian economy.[\[181\]](../../page/7/#ref-181 "note 181")[338](../../338/ "tree and pragmatics") GDP fell by 60% and the destruction of physical infrastructure devastated the economy.[\[182\]](../../page/7/#ref-182 "note 182")[339](../../339/ "tree and pragmatics") With much of the production capacity unrestored, the Bosnian economy still faces considerable difficulties.[340](../../340/ "tree and pragmatics") Figures show GDP and per capita income increased 10% from 2003 to 2004; this and Bosnia's shrinking [national debt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_debt) being negative trends, and high unemployment 38.7% and a large [trade deficit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_trade) remain cause for concern.[341](../../341/ "tree and pragmatics") The national currency is the (Euro-pegged) [convertible mark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_convertible_mark) (KM), controlled by the [currency board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currency_board).[342](../../342/ "tree and pragmatics") Annual inflation is the lowest relative to other countries in the region at 1.9% in 2004.[\[183\]](../../page/7/#ref-183 "note 183")[343](../../343/ "tree and pragmatics") The international debt was $5.1 billion (as of 31 December 2014).[344](../../344/ "tree and pragmatics") [Real GDP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product) growth rate was 5% for 2004 according to the [Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) and Statistical Office of Bosnia and Herzegovina.[345](../../345/ "tree and pragmatics") Bosnia and Herzegovina has displayed positive progress in the previous years, which decisively moved its place from the lowest income equality rank of [income equality rankings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_income_equality) fourteen out of 193 nations.[\[184\]](../../page/7/#ref-184 "note 184")[346](../../346/ "tree and pragmatics") According to [Eurostat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurostat) data, Bosnia and Herzegovina's PPS GDP per capita stood at 29 per cent of the EU average in 2010.[\[185\]](../../page/7/#ref-185 "note 185")[347](../../347/ "tree and pragmatics") The [International Monetary Fund](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund) (IMF) announced a loan to Bosnia worth US$500 million to be delivered by [Stand-By Arrangement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMF_Stand-By_Arrangement).[348](../../348/ "tree and pragmatics") This was scheduled to be approved in September 2012.[\[186\]](../../page/7/#ref-186 "note 186")[349](../../349/ "tree and pragmatics") The [United States Embassy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Sarajevo) in [Sarajevo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarajevo) [corpus](../../../Sarajevo/ "in our corpus") produces the Country Commercial Guide – an annual report that delivers a comprehensive look at Bosnia and Herzegovina's commercial and economic environment, using economic, political, and market analysis.[350](../../350/ "tree and pragmatics") By some estimates, [grey economy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informal_economy) is 25.5% of GDP.[\[187\]](../../page/7/#ref-187 "note 187")[351](../../351/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2017, exports grew by 17% when compared to the previous year, totaling €5.65 billion.[\[188\]](../../page/7/#ref-188 "note 188")[352](../../352/ "tree and pragmatics") The total volume of [foreign trade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_trade) in 2017 amounted to €14.97 billion and increased by 14% compared to the previous year.[353](../../353/ "tree and pragmatics") Imports of goods increased by 12% and amounted to €9.32 billion.[354](../../354/ "tree and pragmatics") The [coverage of imports by exports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_trade) increased by 3% compared to the previous year and now it is 61 percent.[355](../../355/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2017, Bosnia and Herzegovina mostly exported [car seats](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_seat), [electricity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity), [processed wood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_processing), [aluminium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium) and [furniture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furniture).[356](../../356/ "tree and pragmatics") In the same year, it mostly imported [crude oil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum), [automobiles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car), [motor oil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_oil), [coal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal) and [briquettes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Briquette).[\[189\]](../../page/7/#ref-189 "note 189")[357](../../357/ "tree and pragmatics") The unemployment rate in 2017 was 20.5%, but [The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vienna_Institute_for_International_Economic_Studies) is predicting falling unemployment rate for the next few years.[358](../../358/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2018, the unemployment should be 19.4% and it should further fall to 18.8% in 2019.[359](../../359/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2020, the unemployment rate should go down to 18.3%.[\[190\]](../../page/7/#ref-190 "note 190")[360](../../360/ "tree and pragmatics") On 31 December 2017, the [Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) issued the report on public debt of Bosnia and Herzegovina, stating the public debt was reduced by €389.97 million, or by more than 6% when compared to 31 December 2016.[361](../../361/ "tree and pragmatics") By the end of 2017, public debt was €5.92 billion, which amounted to 35.6 percent of GDP.[\[191\]](../../page/7/#ref-191 "note 191")[362](../../362/ "tree and pragmatics") as of 2017 December 31, there were 32,292 registered companies in the country, which together had revenues of €33.572 billion that same year.[\[192\]](../../page/7/#ref-192 "note 192")[363](../../363/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2017, the country received €397.35 million in [foreign direct investment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment), which equals to 2.5% of the GDP.[\[193\]](../../page/7/#ref-193 "note 193")[364](../../364/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2017, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked third in the world in terms of the number of new jobs created by foreign investment, relative to the number of inhabitants.[\[194\]](../../page/7/#ref-194 "note 194")[\[195\]](../../page/7/#ref-195 "note 195")[365](../../365/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2018, Bosnia and Herzegovina exported goods worth 11.9 billion KM (€6.07 billion), which is 7.43% higher than in the same period in 2017, while imports amounted to 19.27 billion KM (€9.83 billion), which is 5.47% higher.[\[196\]](../../page/7/#ref-196 "note 196")[366](../../366/ "tree and pragmatics") The average price of new apartments sold in the country in the first six months of 2018 is 1,639 km (€886.31) per square metre.[367](../../367/ "tree and pragmatics") This represents a jump of 3.5% from the previous year.[\[197\]](../../page/7/#ref-197 "note 197")[368](../../368/ "tree and pragmatics") On 30 June 2018, public debt of Bosnia and Herzegovina amounted to about €6.04 billion, of which external debt is 70.56 percent, while the internal debt is 29.4 percent of total public indebtedness.[369](../../369/ "tree and pragmatics") The share of public debt in gross domestic product is 34.92 percent.[\[198\]](../../page/7/#ref-198 "note 198")[370](../../370/ "tree and pragmatics") In the first 7 months of 2018, 811,660 tourists visited the country, a 12.2% jump when compared to the first 7 months of 2017.[\[199\]](../../page/7/#ref-199 "note 199")[371](../../371/ "tree and pragmatics") In the first 11 months of 2018, 1,378,542 tourists visited Bosnia-Herzegovina, an increase of 12.6%, and had 2,871,004 overnight hotel stays, a 13.8% increase from the previous year.[372](../../372/ "tree and pragmatics") Also, 71.8% of the tourists came from foreign countries.[\[200\]](../../page/7/#ref-200 "note 200")[373](../../373/ "tree and pragmatics") In the first seven months of 2019, 906,788 tourists visited the country, an 11.7% jump from the previous year.[\[201\]](../../page/7/#ref-201 "note 201")[374](../../374/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2018, the total value of [mergers and acquisitions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mergers_and_acquisitions) in Bosnia and Herzegovina amounted to €404.6 million.[\[202\]](../../page/7/#ref-202 "note 202")[375](../../375/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2018, 99.5 percent of enterprises in Bosnia and Herzegovina used computers in their business, while 99.3 percent had internet connections, according to a survey conducted by the Bosnia and Herzegovina Statistics Agency.[\[203\]](../../page/7/#ref-203 "note 203")[376](../../376/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2018, Bosnia and Herzegovina received 783.4 million KM (€400.64 million) in [direct foreign investment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_foreign_investment), which was equivalent to 2.3% of GDP.[\[204\]](../../page/7/#ref-204 "note 204")[377](../../377/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2018, the Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina made a profit of 8,430,875 km (€4,306,347).[\[205\]](../../page/7/#ref-205 "note 205")[378](../../378/ "tree and pragmatics") The [World Bank](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bank) predicted that the economy would grow 3.4% in 2019.[\[206\]](../../page/7/#ref-206 "note 206")[379](../../379/ "tree and pragmatics") Bosnia and Herzegovina was placed 83rd on the [Index of Economic Freedom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_Economic_Freedom) for 2019.[380](../../380/ "tree and pragmatics") The total rating for Bosnia and Herzegovina is 61.9.[381](../../381/ "tree and pragmatics") This position represents some progress relative to the 91st place in 2018.[382](../../382/ "tree and pragmatics") This result is below the regional level, but still above the global average, making Bosnia and Herzegovina a "moderately free" country.[\[207\]](../../page/7/#ref-207 "note 207")[383](../../383/ "tree and pragmatics") On 31 January 2019, total deposits in Bosnian banks were KM 21.9 billion (€11.20 billion), which represents 61.15% of nominal GDP.[\[208\]](../../page/7/#ref-208 "note 208")[384](../../384/ "tree and pragmatics") In the second quarter of 2019, the average price of new apartments sold in Bosnia and Herzegovina was 1,606 km (€821.47) per square metre.[\[209\]](../../page/7/#ref-209 "note 209")[385](../../385/ "tree and pragmatics") In the first six months of 2019, exports amounted to 5.829 billion KM (€2.98 billion), which is 0.1% less than in the same period of 2018, while imports amounted to 9.779 billion KM (€5.00 billion), which is by 4.5% more than in the same period of the previous year.[\[210\]](../../page/7/#ref-210 "note 210")[386](../../386/ "tree and pragmatics") In the first six months of 2019, foreign direct investment amounted to 650.1 million KM (€332.34 million).[\[211\]](../../page/7/#ref-211 "note 211")[387](../../387/ "tree and pragmatics") Bosnia and Herzegovina was ranked 80th in the [Global Innovation Index](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Innovation_Index) in 2024,[\[212\]](../../page/7/#ref-212 "note 212") but its ranking dropped to 92nd in 2025.[\[213\]](../../page/7/#ref-213 "note 213")[388](../../388/ "tree and pragmatics") As of 30 November 2023, Bosnia and Herzegovina had 1.3 million registered motor vehicles.[\[214\]](../../page/7/#ref-214 "note 214")[389](../../389/ "tree and pragmatics") ### Tourism Main article: [Tourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) See also: [List of tourist attractions in Sarajevo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Sarajevo) According to projections by the [World Tourism Organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Tourism_Organization), Bosnia and Herzegovina had the third highest tourism growth rate in the world between 1995 and 2020.[\[215\]](../../page/7/#ref-215 "note 215")[\[216\]](../../page/7/#ref-216 "note 216")[390](../../390/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2017, 1,307,319 tourists visited Bosnia and Herzegovina, an increase of 13.7%, and had 2,677,125 overnight hotel stays, a 12.3% increase from the previous year.[391](../../391/ "tree and pragmatics") 71.5% of the tourists came from foreign countries.[\[217\]](../../page/7/#ref-217 "note 217")[392](../../392/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2018, 1.883.772 tourists visited Bosnia and Herzegovina, an increase of 44,1%, and had 3.843.484 overnight hotel stays, a 43.5% increase from the previous year.[393](../../393/ "tree and pragmatics") Also, 71.2% of the tourists came from foreign countries.[\[218\]](../../page/7/#ref-218 "note 218")[394](../../394/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2006, when ranking the best cities in the world, [Lonely Planet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonely_Planet) placed [Sarajevo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarajevo) [corpus](../../../Sarajevo/ "in our corpus"), the [national capital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_city)[\[1\]](../../page/7/#ref-1 "note 1") and host of the [1984 Winter Olympics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Winter_Olympics), as \#43 on the list.[\[219\]](../../page/7/#ref-219 "note 219")[395](../../395/ "tree and pragmatics") Tourism in Sarajevo is chiefly focused on historical, religious, and cultural aspects.[396](../../396/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2010, Lonely Planet's "Best in Travel" nominated it as one of the top ten cities to visit that year.[\[220\]](../../page/7/#ref-220 "note 220")[397](../../397/ "tree and pragmatics") Sarajevo also won travel blog Foxnomad's "Best City to Visit" competition in 2012, beating more than one hundred other cities around the entire world.[\[221\]](../../page/7/#ref-221 "note 221")[398](../../398/ "tree and pragmatics") [Međugorje](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medjugorje) has become one of the most popular pilgrimage sites for [Catholics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholics) from around the world and has turned into Europe's third most important religious place, where each year more than 1 million people visit.[\[222\]](../../page/7/#ref-222 "note 222")[399](../../399/ "tree and pragmatics") It has been estimated that 30 million pilgrims have come to Međugorje since the reputed apparitions began in 1981.[\[223\]](../../page/7/#ref-223 "note 223")[400](../../400/ "tree and pragmatics") Since 2019, pilgrimages to Međugorje have been officially authorized and organized by the [Vatican](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_See).[\[224\]](../../page/7/#ref-224 "note 224")[401](../../401/ "tree and pragmatics") Bosnia has also become an increasingly popular skiing and [Ecotourism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecotourism) destination.[402](../../402/ "tree and pragmatics") The mountains that hosted the winter olympic games of [Bjelašnica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bjelašnica), [Jahorina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jahorina), and [Igman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igman) are the most visited skiing mountains in Bosnia-Herzegovina.[403](../../403/ "tree and pragmatics") Bosnia and Herzegovina remains one of the last undiscovered natural regions of the southern area of the [Alps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alps), with vast tracts of wild and untouched nature attracting adventurers and nature lovers.[404](../../404/ "tree and pragmatics") [National Geographic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Geographic) named Bosnia and Herzegovina as the best mountain biking adventure destination for 2012.[\[225\]](../../page/7/#ref-225 "note 225")[405](../../405/ "tree and pragmatics") The central [Bosnian Dinaric Alps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinaric_Alps) are favored by hikers and mountaineers, as they contain both [Mediterranean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterranean_climate) and [Alpine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_climate) climates.[406](../../406/ "tree and pragmatics") [Whitewater rafting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafting) has become somewhat of a [national pastime](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_sport) in Bosnia and Herzegovina.[\[226\]](../../page/7/#ref-226 "note 226")[407](../../407/ "tree and pragmatics") The primary rivers used for whitewater rafting in the country include the [Vrbas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrbas_%28river%29), [Tara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tara_%28Drina%29), [Drina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drina), [Neretva](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neretva), and [Una](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Una_%28Sava%29).[\[227\]](../../page/7/#ref-227 "note 227")[408](../../408/ "tree and pragmatics") Meanwhile, the most prominent rivers are the Vrbas and Tara, as they both hosted [The 2009 World Rafting Championship](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Rafting_Federation).[\[228\]](../../page/7/#ref-228 "note 228")[\[229\]](../../page/7/#ref-229 "note 229")[409](../../409/ "tree and pragmatics") The reason the Tara river is immensely popular for whitewater rafting is because it contains the deepest [river canyon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canyon) in Europe, the [Tara River Canyon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tara_River_Canyon).[\[230\]](../../page/7/#ref-230 "note 230")[\[231\]](../../page/7/#ref-231 "note 231")[410](../../410/ "tree and pragmatics") [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/) … [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/page/4/) **5** [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/page/6/) [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/page/7/) - ← previous: [page 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/page/4/) - next →: [page 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/page/6/) - ↑ back to [English Wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/)