---
title: Ross Branch Ross, a motor-biker, holds the number one place in the S… — Botswana · tree and pragmatics
description: Ross Branch Ross, a motor-biker, holds the number one place in the South African Cross Country Championship and has competed at the Dakar Rally. Who acts: Ross. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Botswana» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Botswana, sentence 321

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From Wikipedia, [«Botswana»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Ross Branch Ross, a motor-biker, holds the number one place in the South African Cross Country Championship and has competed at the Dakar Rally.

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**Who acts:** Ross · **What happens:** hold, compete · **To what, where:** number, Dakar Rally

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Botswana». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ross), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Botswana:321
# text = Ross Branch Ross, a motor-biker, holds the number one place in the South African Cross Country Championship and has competed at the Dakar Rally.
1	Ross	Ross	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
2	Branch	Branch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Ross	Ross	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	motor	motor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	biker	biker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
10	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
17	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
18	African	African	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Cross	Cross	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
20	Country	Country	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	Championship	Championship	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	competed	compete	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	Dakar	Dakar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	Rally	Rally	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | Ross and Branch Ross | the number |  |  |  | one place *obj* | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme place=Eventuality |
| 2 | **compete** | present · perfect | Ross and Branch Ross *not said here* |  |  | the Dakar Rally |  |  | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Botswana», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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