---
title: This paper began as a weekly community paper and became a daily in 1… — Brunei · tree and pragmatics
description: This paper began as a weekly community paper and became a daily in 1990 Apart from The Borneo Bulletin, there is also the Media Permata and Pelita Brunei, the local Malay newspapers which are circulated daily. Who acts: paper, daily Apart. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Brunei» with its dependency tree 
---

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# Brunei, sentence 428

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From Wikipedia, [«Brunei»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunei), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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This paper began as a weekly community paper and became a daily in 1990 Apart from The Borneo Bulletin, there is also the Media Permata and Pelita Brunei, the local Malay newspapers which are circulated daily.

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**Who acts:** paper, daily Apart · **What happens:** begin, become, be, circulate · **To what, where:** Media Permata, local Malay newspapers

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Brunei». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (paper, daily Apart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Brunei:428
# text = This paper began as a weekly community paper and became a daily in 1990 Apart from The Borneo Bulletin, there is also the Media Permata and Pelita Brunei, the local Malay newspapers which are circulated daily.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	weekly	weekly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
12	daily	daily	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	1990	1990	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	_
15	Apart	Apart	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	xcomp	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	Borneo	Borneo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Bulletin	Bulletin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	22	expl	_	_
22	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
23	also	also	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	Media	Media	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	Permata	Permata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	Pelita	Pelita	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
29	Brunei	Brunei	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
32	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
33	Malay	Malay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	appos	_	_
35	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj:pass	_	_
36	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux:pass	_	_
37	circulated	circulate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	acl:relcl	_	_
38	daily	daily	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | this paper |  |  |  |  | as a weekly community paper | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **become** | past | this paper *not said here* |  |  |  |  | a daily Apart from the Borneo Bulletin *xcomp* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **be** | present | a daily Apart from the Borneo Bulletin *not said here* | the Media Permata and Pelita |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **circulate** | present · passive |  | the local Malay newspapers |  |  |  | daily *property* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Brunei», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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