---
title: Compared to wartime levels, national GDP increased five-fold and per… — Bulgaria · tree and pragmatics
description: Compared to wartime levels, national GDP increased five-fold and per capita GDP quadrupled by the 1980s, although severe debt spikes took place in 1960, 1977 and 1980. Who acts: national GDP, severe debt spikes. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Bulgaria» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Bulgaria, sentence 123

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From Wikipedia, [«Bulgaria»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Compared to wartime levels, national GDP increased five-fold and per capita GDP quadrupled by the 1980s, although severe debt spikes took place in 1960, 1977 and 1980.

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**Who acts:** national GDP, severe debt spikes · **What happens:** compare, increase, quadruple, take · **To what, where:** five fold, capita GDP, place, 1960

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bulgaria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (national GDP, severe debt spikes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Bulgaria:123
# text = Compared to wartime levels, national GDP increased five-fold and per capita GDP quadrupled by the 1980s, although severe debt spikes took place in 1960, 1977 and 1980.
1	Compared	compare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	wartime	wartime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	levels	level	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	GDP	GDP	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	increased	increase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	fold	fold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	per	per	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	capita	capita	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	GDP	gdp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
16	quadrupled	quadruple	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	1980s	1980s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	spikes	spike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
25	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
26	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	1960	1960	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	1977	1977	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	28	conj	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	1980	1980	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compare** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to wartime levels | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **increase** | past | national GDP | five fold and capita GDP |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer fold=Patient |
| 3 | **quadruple** | participle |  | capita GDP *not said here* |  |  |  | by the 1980s | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **take** | past | severe debt spikes | place |  | 1960 |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent place=Value in 1960=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Bulgaria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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