---
title: Altogether, an estimated 69 languages are spoken in the country, of… — Burkina Faso · tree and pragmatics
description: Altogether, an estimated 69 languages are spoken in the country, of which about 60 languages are indigenous. Who acts: 60 languages. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Burkina Faso» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Burkina Faso, sentence 403

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From Wikipedia, [«Burkina Faso»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burkina_Faso), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Altogether, an estimated 69 languages are spoken in the country, of which about 60 languages are indigenous.

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**Who acts:** 60 languages · **What happens:** estimate, speak, be · **To what, where:** estimated 69 languages, country · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Burkina Faso». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (60 languages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Burkina_Faso:403
# text = Altogether, an estimated 69 languages are spoken in the country, of which about 60 languages are indigenous.
1	Altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	estimated	estimate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
5	69	69	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obl	_	_
15	about	about	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **estimate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | a estimated 69 languages |  | the country |  | altogether *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | 60 languages |  |  |  |  | which *obl*; indigenous *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Burkina Faso», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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