---
title: During the 18th century, the Gwiriko Empire was established at Bobo-… — Burkina Faso · tree and pragmatics
description: During the 18th century, the Gwiriko Empire was established at Bobo-Dioulasso and ethnic groups such as the Dyan, Lobi, and Birifor settled along the Black Volta. Who acts: Birifor. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Burkina Faso» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Burkina Faso, sentence 45

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From Wikipedia, [«Burkina Faso»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burkina_Faso), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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During the 18th century, the Gwiriko Empire was established at Bobo-Dioulasso and ethnic groups such as the Dyan, Lobi, and Birifor settled along the Black Volta.

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**Who acts:** Birifor · **What happens:** establish, settle · **To what, where:** Gwiriko Empire, Bobo

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Burkina Faso». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Birifor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Burkina_Faso:45
# text = During the 18th century, the Gwiriko Empire was established at Bobo-Dioulasso and ethnic groups such as the Dyan, Lobi, and Birifor settled along the Black Volta.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	18th	18th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Gwiriko	Gwiriko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Bobo	Bobo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Dioulasso	Dioulasso	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	21	case	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Dyan	Dyan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	Lobi	Lobi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	Birifor	Birifor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	settled	settle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
28	along	along	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	Black	Black	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	Volta	Volta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | past · passive |  | the Gwiriko Empire |  | Bobo and Dioulasso and ethnic groups such the Dyan and Lobi | century |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **settle** | past | Birifor |  |  |  |  | along the Black Volta | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Burkina Faso», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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