---
title: In the late 14th century, the Burji Mamluks replaced the Bahri Mamlu… — Cairo · tree and pragmatics
description: In the late 14th century, the Burji Mamluks replaced the Bahri Mamluks as rulers of the Mamluk state, but the Mamluk system continued to decline. Who acts: Burji Mamluks, Mamluk system. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Cairo» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Cairo, sentence 112

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From Wikipedia, [«Cairo»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairo), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In the late 14th century, the Burji Mamluks replaced the Bahri Mamluks as rulers of the Mamluk state, but the Mamluk system continued to decline.

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**Who acts:** Burji Mamluks, Mamluk system · **What happens:** replace, continue, decline · **To what, where:** Bahri Mamluks

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cairo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Burji Mamluks, Mamluk system), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Cairo:112
# text = In the late 14th century, the Burji Mamluks replaced the Bahri Mamluks as rulers of the Mamluk state, but the Mamluk system continued to decline.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	14th	14th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
5	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Burji	Burji	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Mamluks	Mamluks	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	replaced	replace	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Bahri	Bahri	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	Mamluks	Mamluks	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	Mamluk	Mamluk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	Mamluk	Mamluk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	continued	continue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	decline	decline	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | past | the Burji Mamluks | the Bahri Mamluks |  |  | century | as rulers of the Mamluk state | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mamluks=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **continue** | past | the Mamluk system |  |  |  |  |  | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **decline** | to-infinitive | the Mamluk system *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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