---
title: The Cairo Metro, opened in 1987, is the oldest metro system in Afric… — Cairo · tree and pragmatics
description: The Cairo Metro, opened in 1987, is the oldest metro system in Africa, and ranks amongst the fifteen busiest in the world, with over 1 billion annual passenger rides. Who acts: Cairo Metro, billion annual passenger. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Cairo» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Cairo, sentence 15

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From Wikipedia, [«Cairo»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairo), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Cairo Metro, opened in 1987, is the oldest metro system in Africa, and ranks amongst the fifteen busiest in the world, with over 1 billion annual passenger rides.

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**Who acts:** Cairo Metro, billion annual passenger · **What happens:** open, be, rank, ride · **To what, where:** Cairo Metro, 1987, oldest metro system, Africa

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cairo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cairo Metro, billion annual passenger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Cairo:15
# text = The Cairo Metro, opened in 1987, is the oldest metro system in Africa, and ranks amongst the fifteen busiest in the world, with over 1 billion annual passenger rides.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Cairo	Cairo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Metro	Metro	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	opened	open	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	1987	1987	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	oldest	old	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	13	amod	_	_
12	metro	metro	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	ranks	rank	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
19	amongst	amongst	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	fifteen	fifteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nsubj	_	_
22	busiest	busy	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	18	obl	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
27	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
28	over	over	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
29	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	30	compound	_	_
30	billion	billion	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	nummod	_	_
31	annual	annual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	passenger	passenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
33	rides	ride	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | participle |  | the Cairo Metro *not said here* |  | 1987 |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1987=Location |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the Cairo Metro | the oldest metro system |  | Africa |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **rank** | present |  |  |  |  |  | amongst the busiest in the world | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **ride** | present | billion annual passenger |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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