---
title: It is also supposedly due to the fact that the planet Mars, known in… — Cairo · tree and pragmatics
description: It is also supposedly due to the fact that the planet Mars, known in Arabic by names such as an-Najm al-Qāhir (النجم القاهر, 'the Conquering Star'), was rising at the time of the city's founding. Who acts: name, Najm, city. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Cairo» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Cairo, sentence 19

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From Wikipedia, [«Cairo»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairo), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It is also supposedly due to the fact that the planet Mars, known in Arabic by names such as an-Najm al-Qāhir (النجم القاهر, 'the Conquering Star'), was rising at the time of the city's founding.

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**Who acts:** name, Najm, city · **What happens:** be, know, rise, found · **To what, where:** planet Mars, Arabic, names

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cairo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, Najm, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Cairo:19
# text = It is also supposedly due to the fact that the planet Mars, known in Arabic by names such as an-Najm al-Qāhir (النجم القاهر, 'the Conquering Star'), was rising at the time of the city's founding.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	supposedly	supposedly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Mars	Mars	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
19	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=SCONJ	39	mark	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Najm	Najm	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
24	al	Al	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	Qāhir	Qāhir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	النجم	النجم	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	القاهر	القاهر	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	Conquering	Conquering	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	Star	Star	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
38	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	acl	_	_
40	at	at	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	's	's	PART	POS	_	45	case	_	_
47	founding	founding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | name |  |  |  |  | due the fact; the planet Mars *acl*; supposedly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | participle |  | the planet Mars *not said here* |  | Arabic |  | by names | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **rise** | past · progressive | Najm and Qāhir | names *not said here* |  |  | time |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location name=Theme |
| 4 | **found** |  | the city |  |  |  |  |  | nom founding «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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