---
title: In 1995, the first environmental acts were introduced and the situat… — Cairo · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1995, the first environmental acts were introduced and the situation has seen some improvement with 36 air monitoring stations and emissions tests on cars. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Cairo» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Cairo, sentence 526

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From Wikipedia, [«Cairo»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairo), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 1995, the first environmental acts were introduced and the situation has seen some improvement with 36 air monitoring stations and emissions tests on cars.

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**What happens:** introduce, see, monitor · **To what, where:** first environmental acts, 1995, situation, stations

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cairo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Cairo:526
# text = In 1995, the first environmental acts were introduced and the situation has seen some improvement with 36 air monitoring stations and emissions tests on cars.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1995	1995	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
6	environmental	environmental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	acts	act	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
15	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
16	improvement	improvement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	36	36	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	monitoring	monitor	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
21	stations	station	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	emissions	emission	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
24	tests	test	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
25	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **introduce** | past · passive |  | the first environmental acts |  | 1995 |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **see** | present · perfect · passive |  | the situation |  |  |  | with 36 air; some improvement *obj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **monitor** | gerund |  | stations and emissions |  |  |  | tests *obj* | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: agent=Agent station=Theme test=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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