---
title: The American war of independence also caused a large out-migration o… — Canada · tree and pragmatics
description: The American war of independence also caused a large out-migration of Loyalists, the settlers who had fought against American independence. Who acts: American war, settlers, independence, Loyalists. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Canada» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Canada, sentence 70

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From Wikipedia, [«Canada»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The American war of independence also caused a large out-migration of Loyalists, the settlers who had fought against American independence.

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**Who acts:** American war, settlers, independence, Loyalists · **What happens:** cause, fight, war, migrate · **To what, where:** large out migration

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Canada». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (American war, settlers, independence, Loyalists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Canada:70
# text = The American war of independence also caused a large out-migration of Loyalists, the settlers who had fought against American independence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
10	out	out	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	migration	migration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Loyalists	Loyalist	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	settlers	settler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	appos	_	_
18	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
19	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	fought	fight	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	acl:relcl	_	_
21	against	against	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the American war of independence | a large out migration of Loyalists |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition migration=Patient |
| 2 | **fight** | past · perfect | the settlers |  |  |  |  | against American independence | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **war** |  | independence |  |  |  |  |  | nom war «act intransitive»: of=agent |
| 4 | **migrate** |  | Loyalists |  |  |  |  |  | nom migration «act intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Canada», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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