---
title: The closing of the road to the newly founded Zaire caused the city t… — Cape Town · tree and pragmatics
description: The closing of the road to the newly founded Zaire caused the city to be dropped from the traject. Who acts: closing, Zaire. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Cape Town» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Cape Town, sentence 1014

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From Wikipedia, [«Cape Town»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Town), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The closing of the road to the newly founded Zaire caused the city to be dropped from the traject.

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**Who acts:** closing, Zaire · **What happens:** found, cause, drop, close · **To what, where:** city, traject, road

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cape Town». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (closing, Zaire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Cape_Town:1014
# text = The closing of the road to the newly founded Zaire caused the city to be dropped from the traject.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	closing	closing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	newly	newly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	founded	found	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	Zaire	Zaire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	dropped	drop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	traject	traject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **found** | past | the closing of the road |  |  |  |  | newly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cause** | past | Zaire | the city |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition city=Patient |
| 3 | **drop** | to-infinitive · passive | Zaire *not said here* | the city *not said here* |  | the traject |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: from traject=Trajectory |
| 4 | **close** |  |  | the road |  |  |  |  | nom closing «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Cape Town», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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