---
title: The nation comprises over 80 ethnic groups, each having its own lang… — Central African Republic · tree and pragmatics
description: The nation comprises over 80 ethnic groups, each having its own language. Who acts: nation, each. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Central African Republic» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Central African Republic, sentence 238

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From Wikipedia, [«Central African Republic»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The nation comprises over 80 ethnic groups, each having its own language.

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**Who acts:** nation, each · **What happens:** comprise, have · **To what, where:** 80 ethnic groups, own language

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Central African Republic». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nation, each), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Central_African_Republic:238
# text = The nation comprises over 80 ethnic groups, each having its own language.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	comprises	comprise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	80	80	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	nsubj	_	_
10	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comprise** | present | the nation | 80 ethnic groups |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme group=Pivot |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | each | population's own language |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Central African Republic», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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