---
title: Since the early decades after independence, Chile has always had an… — Chile · tree and pragmatics
description: Since the early decades after independence, Chile has always had an active involvement in foreign affairs. Who acts: Chile. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Chile» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Chile, sentence 319

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From Wikipedia, [«Chile»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Since the early decades after independence, Chile has always had an active involvement in foreign affairs.

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**Who acts:** Chile · **What happens:** have · **To what, where:** active involvement, foreign affairs

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Chile». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chile), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Chile:319
# text = Since the early decades after independence, Chile has always had an active involvement in foreign affairs.
1	Since	since	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	decades	decade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	Chile	Chile	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	11	advmod	_	_
11	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	active	active	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	involvement	involvement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	affairs	affair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · perfect | Chile | a active involvement |  | foreign affairs | decade | always *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent involvement=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Chile», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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