--- title: In 1837, the country aggressively challenged the dominance of Peru's… — Chile · tree and pragmatics description: In 1837, the country aggressively challenged the dominance of Peru's port of Callao for preeminence in the Pacific trade routes, defeating the short-lived alliance between Peru and Bolivia, the Peru–Bolivian Confederation (1836–39) in the War of the Confederation. Who acts: country. A sentence of Wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Chile/320/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Chile](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Chile/) / 320 # Chile, sentence 320 From Wikipedia, [«Chile»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. In 1837, the country aggressively challenged the dominance of Peru's port of Callao for preeminence in the Pacific trade routes, defeating the short-lived alliance between Peru and Bolivia, the Peru–Bolivian Confederation (1836–39) in the War of the Confederation. **Who acts:** country · **What happens:** challenge, defeat, live · **To what, where:** dominance, 1837, lived alliance, War This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Chile». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (country), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Chile:320 # text = In 1837, the country aggressively challenged the dominance of Peru's port of Callao for preeminence in the Pacific trade routes, defeating the short-lived alliance between Peru and Bolivia, the Peru–Bolivian Confederation (1836–39) in the War of the Confederation. 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 1837 1837 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 6 aggressively aggressively ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 challenged challenge VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 dominance dominance NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 Peru Peru PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 12 's 's PART POS _ 11 case _ _ 13 port port NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Callao Callao PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 16 for for ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 preeminence preeminence NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 20 Pacific Pacific PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 21 trade trade NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 routes route NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 defeating defeat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 advcl _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 26 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 28 lived live VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 29 amod _ _ 29 alliance alliance NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 30 between between ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 Peru Peru PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 Bolivia Bolivia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 Peru Peru PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 37 – – PUNCT HYPH _ 38 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 38 Bolivian Bolivian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 conj _ _ 39 Confederation Confederation PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 flat _ _ 40 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 41 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 1836 1836 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 24 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 42 – – SYM SYM ExtPos=ADP 43 case _ SpaceAfter=No 43 39 39 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 41 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 44 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 41 punct _ _ 45 in in ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 War War PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 48 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 Confederation confederation NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 51 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **challenge** | past | the country | the dominance of Peru's port of Callao for preeminence in the Pacific trade routes | | 1837 | | aggressively *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **defeat** | gerund | the country *not said here* | the lived alliance | | the War of the Confederation | | between Peru and Bolivia and the Peru and Bolivian; 1836 *obj* | tree rules | | 3 | **live** | participle | | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Chile», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 319](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Chile/319/) - next →: [sentence 321](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Chile/321/) - ↑ back to [Chile](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Chile/)