---
title: Europeans preferred to stay in countries closer to their homelands i… — Chile · tree and pragmatics
description: Europeans preferred to stay in countries closer to their homelands instead of taking the long journey through the Straits of Magellan or crossing the Andes. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Chile» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Chile, sentence 502

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From Wikipedia, [«Chile»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Europeans preferred to stay in countries closer to their homelands instead of taking the long journey through the Straits of Magellan or crossing the Andes.

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**What happens:** prefer, stay, take, cross · **To what, where:** Europeans, countries, long journey, Andes

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Chile». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Chile:502
# text = Europeans preferred to stay in countries closer to their homelands instead of taking the long journey through the Straits of Magellan or crossing the Andes.
1	Europeans	european	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	preferred	prefer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	homelands	homeland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=SCONJ	13	mark	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	through	through	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Straits	Strait	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	13	advcl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Magellan	Magellan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	conj	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Andes	Ande	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prefer** | participle |  | Europeans *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **stay** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  | countries |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in country=Location |
| 3 | **take** | gerund |  | the long journey |  |  |  | the Straits of Magellan *advcl* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent journey=Theme |
| 4 | **cross** | gerund |  | the Andes |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ande=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Chile», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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