---
title: Western painting styles gained popularity during the early 20th cent… — China · tree and pragmatics
description: Western painting styles gained popularity during the early 20th century, while the Mao government promoted art as a means to embody socialist ideals. Who acts: Western painting styles, Mao government, a. A sentence of Wikipedia's «China» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# China, sentence 381

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From Wikipedia, [«China»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Western painting styles gained popularity during the early 20th century, while the Mao government promoted art as a means to embody socialist ideals.

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**Who acts:** Western painting styles, Mao government, a · **What happens:** gain, promote, mean, embody · **To what, where:** popularity, art, socialist ideals

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «China». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Western painting styles, Mao government, a), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:China:381
# text = Western painting styles gained popularity during the early 20th century, while the Mao government promoted art as a means to embody socialist ideals.
1	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	styles	style	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gained	gain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	popularity	popularity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	20th	20th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	_
10	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	Mao	Mao	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	promoted	promote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
17	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
18	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	nsubj	_	_
20	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	embody	embody	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	socialist	socialist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	ideals	ideal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gain** | past | Western painting styles | popularity |  |  | century |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent popularity=Theme |
| 2 | **promote** | past | the Mao government | art |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent art=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present | a |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **embody** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a *not said here* | socialist ideals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «China», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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