---
title: As of 2023, China has over 2,600 radio stations, all state-owned, an… — China · tree and pragmatics
description: As of 2023, China has over 2,600 radio stations, all state-owned, and over 1,900 newspapers. Who acts: China. A sentence of Wikipedia's «China» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# China, sentence 437

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From Wikipedia, [«China»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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As of 2023, China has over 2,600 radio stations, all state-owned, and over 1,900 newspapers.

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**Who acts:** China · **What happens:** have over, own · **To what, where:** 2,600 radio stations

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «China». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (China), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:China:437
# text = As of 2023, China has over 2,600 radio stations, all state-owned, and over 1,900 newspapers.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	3	case	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	2023	2023	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	over	over	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	2,600	2,600	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
9	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	stations	station	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
13	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	owned	own	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	over	over	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	1,900	1,900	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have over** | present | China | 2,600 radio stations and all owned 1,900 newspapers |  |  |  | as 2023 | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent station=Patient |
| 2 | **own** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | state *compound* | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «China», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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