---
title: It faced military crises, unable to subdue its Sinicized non-Han nei… — China · tree and pragmatics
description: It faced military crises, unable to subdue its Sinicized non-Han neighbors, the Khitan-led Liao dynasty and the Tangut-led Western Xia. Who acts: dynasty. A sentence of Wikipedia's «China» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# China, sentence 73

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From Wikipedia, [«China»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It faced military crises, unable to subdue its Sinicized non-Han neighbors, the Khitan-led Liao dynasty and the Tangut-led Western Xia.

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**Who acts:** dynasty · **What happens:** face, subdue, siniciz, lead · **To what, where:** military crises, Sinicized non-Han neighbors, Khitan, Tangut

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «China». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dynasty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:China:73
# text = It faced military crises, unable to subdue its Sinicized non-Han neighbors, the Khitan-led Liao dynasty and the Tangut-led Western Xia.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	faced	face	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	military	military	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	crises	crisis	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	unable	unable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	subdue	subdue	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
10	Sinicized	siniciz	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
11	non-Han	non-han	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	neighbors	neighbor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
15	Khitan	Khitan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
18	Liao	Liao	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	dynasty	dynasty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
22	Tangut	Tangut	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	amod	_	_
25	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	Xia	Xia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **face** | past | dynasty | military crises and the led Liao dynasty and the led Western Xia |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme crisis=Destination |
| 2 | **subdue** | to-infinitive | dynasty *not said here* | dynasty's Sinicized non-Han neighbors |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent neighbor=Patient |
| 3 | **siniciz** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **lead** | participle |  | Khitan |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 5 | **lead** | participle |  | Tangut |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «China», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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