--- title: Cook Islands — English Wikipedia · full text with trees · page 3 description: Wikipedia's «Cook Islands», whole, every sentence with its dependency tree and pragmatics, CC BY-SA 4.0. It begins: The Cook Islands is an island country and associated state of New Zealand in Polynesia, part of Oceania, in the South Pacific Ocean. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cook_Islands/page/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / Cook Islands # Cook Islands · page 3 From Wikipedia, [«Cook Islands»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cook_Islands/) [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cook_Islands/page/2/) **3** On the lowest level, there are village committees.[122](../../122/ "tree and pragmatics") [Nassau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nassau_%28Cook_Islands%29), which is governed by [Pukapuka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pukapuka), has an island committee (Nassau Island Committee), which advises the Pukapuka Island Council on matters concerning its own island.[123](../../123/ "tree and pragmatics") ## Economy Main article: [Economy of the Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Cook_Islands) See also: [Transport in the Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_in_the_Cook_Islands) The economy is strongly affected by geography.[124](../../124/ "tree and pragmatics") It is isolated from foreign markets, and has some inadequate infrastructure; it lacks major natural resources except for significant seabed critical minerals, has limited manufacturing and suffers moderately from natural disasters.[\[75\]](../../page/3/#ref-75 "note 75")[125](../../125/ "tree and pragmatics") Tourism provides the economic base that makes up approximately 67.5% of GDP.[126](../../126/ "tree and pragmatics") Additionally, the economy is supported by [foreign aid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_aid), largely from New Zealand.[127](../../127/ "tree and pragmatics") China has also contributed foreign aid, which has resulted in, among other projects, the Police Headquarters building.[\[76\]](../../page/3/#ref-76 "note 76")[128](../../128/ "tree and pragmatics") Tourist arrivals of 2024 in %[\[77\]](../../page/3/#ref-77 "note 77")[129](../../129/ "tree and pragmatics") | | | --- | | | [Rarotonga International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rarotonga_International_Airport) is the only airport that receives international flights.[130](../../130/ "tree and pragmatics") Eight airports on other islands provide local or charter services.[131](../../131/ "tree and pragmatics") Only Rarotonga and [Aitutaki Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitutaki_Airport) have paved runways; the others have coral runways.[\[78\]](../../page/3/#ref-78 "note 78")[132](../../132/ "tree and pragmatics") The main seaport and the only one where container ships can berth is [Rarotonga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rarotonga)'s port of [Avatiu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avatiu).[133](../../133/ "tree and pragmatics") At the port of [Arutanga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arutanga) at [Aitutaki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitutaki), ships anchor outside the reef and cargo is carried to the dock by [lighter barge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_%28barge%29).[\[79\]](../../page/3/#ref-79 "note 79")[134](../../134/ "tree and pragmatics") Since about 1989, the Cook Islands has specialised in so-called [asset protection trusts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset-protection_trusts#Cook_Islands) through its International Trusts Act.[135](../../135/ "tree and pragmatics") This allows investors to shelter assets from the reach of creditors and legal authorities.[\[80\]](../../page/3/#ref-80 "note 80")[\[81\]](../../page/3/#ref-81 "note 81")[136](../../136/ "tree and pragmatics") According to The New York Times, the Cooks have "laws devised to protect foreigners' assets from legal claims in their home countries", which were apparently crafted specifically to thwart the reach of American justice; creditors must travel to the Cook Islands and argue their cases under Cooks law, often at prohibitive expense.[\[80\]](../../page/3/#ref-80 "note 80")[137](../../137/ "tree and pragmatics") Unlike other foreign jurisdictions such as the [British Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands), the [Cayman Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayman_Islands) and Switzerland, the Cooks "generally disregard foreign court orders" and do not require that bank accounts, real estate, or other assets protected from scrutiny (it is illegal to disclose names or any information about Cooks trusts) be physically located within the archipelago.[\[80\]](../../page/3/#ref-80 "note 80")[138](../../138/ "tree and pragmatics") Taxes on trusts and trust employees account for some 8% of the Cook Islands economy, behind tourism but ahead of fishing.[\[80\]](../../page/3/#ref-80 "note 80")[139](../../139/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2019, the Cook Islands passed the Sea Bed Minerals (SBM) Act to manage the seabed minerals located in the [Exclusive Economic Zone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_Economic_Zone) surrounding the islands.[\[82\]](../../page/3/#ref-82 "note 82")[140](../../140/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2022, the SBMA granted three exploration licences for polymetallic nodules to three private companies, including one co-owned by the government.[\[83\]](../../page/3/#ref-83 "note 83")[141](../../141/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2025, the Cook Islands signed seabed mineral exploration agreements with the United States and China.[\[84\]](../../page/3/#ref-84 "note 84")[\[85\]](../../page/3/#ref-85 "note 85")[142](../../142/ "tree and pragmatics") ## Demographics Main article: [Demographics of the Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Cook_Islands) Births and deaths[\[86\]](../../page/3/#ref-86 "note 86")[143](../../143/ "tree and pragmatics") | Year | Population | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase | Crude birth rate | Crude death rate | Rate of natural increase | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2009 | 22,600 | 284 | 72 | 212 | 12.6 | 3.2 | 9.4 | | 2010 | 23,700 | 286 | 92 | 194 | 12.1 | 3.9 | 8.2 | | 2011 | 14,974 | 262 | 72 | 190 | 13.6 | 3.7 | 9.8 | | 2012 | 19,500 | 259 | 104 | 155 | 13.3 | 5.3 | 7.9 | | 2013 | 18,600 | 256 | 115 | 141 | 13.8 | 6.2 | 7.6 | | 2014 | 18,600 | 204 | 113 | 91 | 11.0 | 6.1 | 4.9 | | 2015 | 18,400 | 205 | 102 | 103 | 11.0 | 5.5 | 5.5 | | 2016 | 17,434 | 242 | 87 | 155 | 12.5 | 4.5 | 8 | | 2017 | 19,500 | 222 | 93 | 129 | 11.4 | 4.8 | 6.6 | | 2018 | 18,600 | 232 | 121 | 111 | 12.5 | 6.5 | 6 | | 2019 | 20,200 | 225 | 105 | 120 | 11.1 | 5.2 | 5.9 | | 2020 | | | | | | | | ### Religion Main article: [Religion in the Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_the_Cook_Islands) In the Cook Islands, there is [separation between the church and the state](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state), and most of the population is Christian.[\[87\]](../../page/3/#ref-87 "note 87")[144](../../144/ "tree and pragmatics") Various [Protestant groups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestantism) account for 62.8% of the believers, the most followed denomination being the [Cook Islands Christian Church](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_Christian_Church) with 49.1%.[145](../../145/ "tree and pragmatics") Other Protestant Christian groups include Seventh-day Adventist 7.9%, Assemblies of God 3.7% and Apostolic Church 2.1%.[146](../../146/ "tree and pragmatics") The main non-Protestant group are [Catholics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Rarotonga), with 17% of the population.[147](../../147/ "tree and pragmatics") [The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints) makes up 4.4%. "[148](../../148/ "tree and pragmatics") None" or "unspecified" account for 15.6% of the population.[\[87\]](../../page/3/#ref-87 "note 87")[149](../../149/ "tree and pragmatics") ## Culture Main article: [Culture of the Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_the_Cook_Islands) ### Language The languages of the Cook Islands include English, [Cook Islands Māori](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_Māori) (or "Rarotongan"), and [Pukapukan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pukapukan_language).[150](../../150/ "tree and pragmatics") Dialects of Cook Islands Māori include [Penrhyn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penrhyn_language); [Rakahanga-Manihiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakahanga-Manihiki_language); the [Ngaputoru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nga-Pu-Toru) dialect of [Atiu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atiu), [Mitiaro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitiaro), and [Mauke](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauke); the [Aitutaki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitutaki) dialect; and the [Mangaian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaia) dialect.[151](../../151/ "tree and pragmatics") Cook Islands Māori and its dialectic variants are closely related to both [Tahitian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahitian_language) and to New Zealand [Māori](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Māori_language).[152](../../152/ "tree and pragmatics") [Pukapukan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pukapukan) is considered closely related to the [Samoan language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoan_language).[153](../../153/ "tree and pragmatics") English and Cook Islands Māori are [official languages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_language) of the Cook Islands, per the [Te Reo Maori Act](http://www.paclii.org/ck/legis/num_act/trma2003130/).[154](../../154/ "tree and pragmatics") The legal definition of Cook Islands Māori includes Pukapukan.[\[88\]](../../page/3/#ref-88 "note 88")[155](../../155/ "tree and pragmatics") ### Art Main article: [Cook Islands art](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_art) #### Traditional arts [Woodcarving](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodcarving) is a common art form in the Cook Islands.[156](../../156/ "tree and pragmatics") The proximity of islands in the southern group helped produce a homogeneous style of carving but that had special developments in each island.[157](../../157/ "tree and pragmatics") Rarotonga is known for its fisherman's gods and staff-gods, [Atiu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atiu) for its wooden seats, [Mitiaro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitiaro), [Mauke](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauke) and Atiu for mace and slab gods and [Mangaia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaia) for its ceremonial adzes.[158](../../158/ "tree and pragmatics") Most of the original wood carvings were either spirited away by early European collectors or were burned in large numbers by missionaries.[159](../../159/ "tree and pragmatics") Today, carving is no longer the major art form with the same spiritual and cultural emphasis given to it by the Maori in New Zealand.[160](../../160/ "tree and pragmatics") However, there are continual efforts to interest young people in their heritage and some good work is being turned out under the guidance of older carvers.[161](../../161/ "tree and pragmatics") Atiu, in particular, has a strong tradition of crafts both in carving and local fibre arts such as tapa.[162](../../162/ "tree and pragmatics") Mangaia is the source of many fine adzes carved in a distinctive, idiosyncratic style with the so-called double-k design.[163](../../163/ "tree and pragmatics") Mangaia also produces food pounders carved from the heavy calcite found in its extensive limestone caves.[\[89\]](../../page/3/#ref-89 "note 89")[164](../../164/ "tree and pragmatics") The outer islands produce traditional [weaving](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaving) of mats, basketware and hats.[165](../../165/ "tree and pragmatics") Particularly fine examples of rito hats are worn by women to church.[166](../../166/ "tree and pragmatics") They are made from the uncurled immature fibre of the coconut palm and are of very high quality.[167](../../167/ "tree and pragmatics") The Polynesian equivalent of Panama hats, they are highly valued and are keenly sought by Polynesian visitors from Tahiti.[168](../../168/ "tree and pragmatics") Often, they are decorated with hatbands made of minuscule pupu shells that are painted and stitched on by hand.[169](../../169/ "tree and pragmatics") Although pupu are found on other islands the collection and use of them in decorative work has become a speciality of Mangaia.[170](../../170/ "tree and pragmatics") The weaving of rito is a speciality of the northern islands, Manihiki, Rakahanga and Penrhyn.[\[90\]](../../page/3/#ref-90 "note 90")[171](../../171/ "tree and pragmatics") A major art form in the Cook Islands is [tivaevae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tivaevae).[172](../../172/ "tree and pragmatics") This is, in essence, the art of handmade Island scenery patchwork quilts.[173](../../173/ "tree and pragmatics") Introduced by the wives of missionaries in the 19th century, the craft grew into a communal activity, which is probably one of the main reasons for its popularity.[\[91\]](../../page/3/#ref-91 "note 91")[174](../../174/ "tree and pragmatics") #### Contemporary art The Cook Islands has produced internationally recognised contemporary artists, especially from the main island of Rarotonga.[175](../../175/ "tree and pragmatics") Artists include painter (and photographer) [Mahiriki Tangaroa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahiriki_Tangaroa), sculptors [Eruera (Ted) Nia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eruera_%28Ted%29_Nia) (originally a film maker) and master carver [Mike Tavioni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Tavioni), painter (and Polynesian tattoo enthusiast) Upoko'ina Ian George, Aitutakian-born painter Tim Manavaroa Buchanan, Loretta Reynolds, Judith Kunzlé, [Joan Gragg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Gragg), Kay George (who is also known for her fabric designs), Apii Rongo, Varu Samuel, and multi-media, installation and community-project artist [Ani O'Neill](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani_O%27Neill), all of whom currently live on Rarotonga.[176](../../176/ "tree and pragmatics") Atiuan-based [Andrea Eimke](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Eimke) is an artist who works in the medium of tapa and other textiles, and also co-authored the book Tivaivai – The Social Fabric of the Cook Islands with British academic [Susanne Kuechler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susanne_Kuechler).[177](../../177/ "tree and pragmatics") Many of these artists have studied at university art schools in New Zealand and continue to enjoy close links with the New Zealand art scene.[\[92\]](../../page/3/#ref-92 "note 92")[178](../../178/ "tree and pragmatics") New Zealand-based Cook Islander artists include [Michel Tuffery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Tuffery), print-maker David Teata, Richard Shortland Cooper, [Nina Oberg Humphries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Oberg_Humphries), [Sylvia Marsters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvia_Marsters) and [Jim Vivieaere](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Vivieaere).[179](../../179/ "tree and pragmatics") [Bergman Gallery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bergman_Gallery) (formerly BCA Gallery) is the main commercial dealer gallery in the Cook Islands, situated in Rarotonga, and represents Cook Islands artists such as [Sylvia Marsters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvia_Marsters), [Mahiriki Tangaroa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahiriki_Tangaroa), [Nina Oberg Humphries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Oberg_Humphries), [Joan Gragg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Gragg) and [Tungane Broadbent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungane_Broadbent).[\[93\]](../../page/3/#ref-93 "note 93")[180](../../180/ "tree and pragmatics") The Art Studio Gallery in Arorangi was run by [Ian George](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_George_%28artist%29) and [Kay George](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kay_George) and is now Beluga Cafe.[\[94\]](../../page/3/#ref-94 "note 94")[\[95\]](../../page/3/#ref-95 "note 95")[181](../../181/ "tree and pragmatics") There is also Gallery Tavioni and Vananga run by [Mike Tavioni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Tavioni),[\[96\]](../../page/3/#ref-96 "note 96") and the [Cook Islands National Museum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_National_Museum) exhibits art.[\[97\]](../../page/3/#ref-97 "note 97")[182](../../182/ "tree and pragmatics") ### Music Main article: [Music of the Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_the_Cook_Islands) Music in the Cook Islands is varied, with Christian songs being quite popular, but traditional dancing and songs in Cook Islands Maori and Pukapukan remain popular.[183](../../183/ "tree and pragmatics") ### Sport Main article: [Sport in the Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_in_the_Cook_Islands) The Cook Islands have competed at the [Summer Olympic Games](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_Olympic_Games) since [1988](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Summer_Olympics), without winning a medal.[\[98\]](../../page/3/#ref-98 "note 98")[184](../../184/ "tree and pragmatics") [Rugby league](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugby_league) is the most popular sport and the national sport of the country.[\[99\]](../../page/3/#ref-99 "note 99")[185](../../185/ "tree and pragmatics") ### Newspapers Newspapers in the Cook Islands are usually published in English with some articles in [Cook Islands Māori](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_Māori).[\[100\]](../../page/3/#ref-100 "note 100")[186](../../186/ "tree and pragmatics") The [Cook Islands News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_News) has been published since 1945, although it was owned by the government until 1989.[\[101\]](../../page/3/#ref-101 "note 101")[187](../../187/ "tree and pragmatics") Former newspapers include [Te Akatauira](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te_Akatauira), which was published from 1978 to 1980.[\[100\]](../../page/3/#ref-100 "note 100")[188](../../188/ "tree and pragmatics") ## See also [Index of Cook Islands–related articles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_Cook_Islands–related_articles) [List of Cook Islanders](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Cook_Islanders) [Outline of the Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_the_Cook_Islands) ## Further reading Gilson, Richard. *The Cook Islands 1820–1950.* Wellington, New Zealand: Victoria University Press, 1980. ISBN 0-7055-0735-1 Roberts, John. *Around the Corner from Nowhere: The Cook Islands Rediscovered.* Independent Publishing Network, 2022, Amazon. ISBN 978-1-80068-445-4 ## External links [Cook Islands](https://web.archive.org/web/20251001101808/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cook-islands). *[The World Factbook](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook)*. [Central Intelligence Agency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency) [Independent Guide to all 15 islands](https://www.cookislands.org.uk/) [Cook Islands](https://web.archive.org/web/20080704000127/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/cookislands.htm) from *UCB Libraries GovPubs [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cook_Islands/) [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cook_Islands/page/2/) **3** ## References {#references} 1\. 26 October 2021. 2\. "[Census of Population & Dwellings 2016 Results](http://www.mfem.gov.ck/statistics/census-and-surveys/census/142-census-2016)". Ministry of Finance & Economic Management. 2016. 3\. [UN the World Today (PDF)](https://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/world00.pdf) and [Repertory of Practice of United Nations Organs Supplement No. 8; p. 10](http://legal.un.org/repertory/art102/english/rep_supp8_vol6-art102_e_advance.pdf) 4\. "[2021 Census of Population and Dwellings](https://stats.gov.ck/2021-census-of-population-and-dwellings/)". Cook Islands Statistics Office. 5\. "[General Profile: Cook Islands](http://unctadstat.unctad.org/countryprofile/generalprofile/en-gb/184/index.html)". *UNCTADstat*. [UNCTAD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UN_Trade_and_Development). 6\. Buse, Jasper; Taringa, Raututi (1995). *[Cook Islands Maori Dictionary](https://books.google.com/books?id=AT2ENAHoS28C)*. Cook Islands Ministry of Education. p. 200 7\. "[Search result: "Cook Islands"](http://cookislandsdictionary.com/search?idiom=&phrase=&proverb=&loan=&keywords=Cook+Islands&dictionary=Action&lang%5B%5D=it.&lang%5B%5D=A.&lang%5B%5D=Mang.&lang%5B%5D=MN&lang%5B%5D=MA.&lang%5B%5D=MI.&lang%5B%5D=P.&lang%5B%5D=Rar.)". Cook Islands Languages. 8\. [Rarotongan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rarotongan_language): Kūki ‘Airani;\[6\] *Kūki Airani*\[7\] 9\. [Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity](http://www.seaaroundus.org/data/#/eez/184?chart=catch-chart&dimension=taxon&measure=tonnage&limit=10). Sea Around Us 10\. "[Cook Islands](https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/countries-and-regions/australia-and-pacific/cook-islands)". *New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade*. 11\. "[Cook Islands](http://www.ambafrance-nz.org/Cook-Islands)". *France in New Zealand*. 13 March 2014. 12\. "[Statement of the Forum Chair, Cook Islands PM Mark Brown on the Transition in Leadership at the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat](https://forumsec.org/publications/release-statement-forum-chair-cook-islands-pm-mark-brown-transition-leadership-pacific)". *forumsec.org*. 13\. "[2018 Census ethnic group summaries – Cook Islands Maori](https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-ethnic-group-summaries/cook-islands-maori)". [Statistics New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_New_Zealand). 14\. "[Ancestry 1st response (ANC1P)](https://www.abs.gov.au/census/guide-census-data/census-dictionary/2021/variables-topic/cultural-diversity/ancestry-1st-response-anc1p)". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 15 October 2021. 15\. "[Cook Islands welcome more visitors](https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/382353/cook-islands-welcome-more-visitors)". [Radio New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_New_Zealand). 13 February 2019. 16\. Hooker, Brian (1998). "European discovery of the Cook Islands". *[Terrae Incognitae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrae_Incognitae_%28journal%29)*. 17\. "[Cook Islands Government website](http://www.cook-islands.gov.ck/history.php)". Cook-islands.gov.ck. 18\. Alphons M.J. Kloosterman (1976). "[Discoverers of the Cook Islands and the Names They Gave](http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-KloDisc-t1-body-d10.html)". 19\. "[Cook Islands to choose new indigenous name and remove any association with British explorer](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/03/05/cook-islands-change-name-remove-association-captain-cook/)". *Daily Telegraph*. 20\. "[Cook Islands government backs name change body](https://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/383948/cook-islands-government-backs-name-change-body)". *[Radio New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_New_Zealand)*. 5 March 2019. 21\. Chikamori, Masashi (1996). "[Development of coral reefs and human settlement: Archaeological research in the Northern Cook Islands and Rarotonga](https://journals.lib.washington.edu/index.php/BIPPA/article/download/11533/10166)". *Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association*. 22\. Kenneth P. Emory (1963). "[East Polynesian Relationships: Settlement Pattern and Time Involved as Indicated by Vocabulary Agreements](http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document/Volume_72_1963/Volume_72%2C_No._2/East_Polynesian_relationships%2C_by_Kenneth_P._Emory%2C_p_78_-_100)". *Journal of the Polynesian Society*. 23\. Thomas, Nicholas (2003). *Cook : the extraordinary voyages of Captain James Cook*, Walker & Company, ISBN 0802714129, pp. 310–311. 24\. "[History of the Cook Islands](http://www.ck/history.htm)". Ck/history. 25\. "[Cook Islands profile – Timeline](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-16495600)". *[BBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_News)*. 9 January 2018. 26\. Robert Langdon (ed.) *Where the whalers went: an index to the Pacific ports and islands visited by American whalers (and some other ships) in the 19th century*, (1984) Canberra, Pacific Manuscripts Bureau, pp. 16, 24. 27\. Gilson, Richard (1980). "The Cook Islands, 1820–1950". Victoria University Press. 28\. Ward, Charles James (20 September 1933). "[How Cook Islands Became British](https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-310918876/view?partId=nla.obj-310932142#page/n19/mode/1up)". *IV(3) Pacific Islands Monthly*. 29\. "Commonwealth and Colonial Law" by [Kenneth Roberts-Wray](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Roberts-Wray), London, Stevens, 1966. p. 891 30\. N.Z. Parliamentary p., A3 (1901) 31\. "Commonwealth and Colonial Law" by Kenneth Roberts-Wray, London, Stevens, 1966. p. 761 32\. N.Z. Parliamentary Pp., A1 (1900) 33\. S.R.O. & S.I. Rev. XVI, 862–863 34\. 58 & 59 V. c. 34. 35\. "[Manava Toa: the Cook Islands in WWI](https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/discover/stories/blog/2019/manava-toa-the-cook-islands-in-wwi)". *[Auckland Museum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auckland_Museum)*. 36\. [3. Aliens and citizens – Citizenship – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand](http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/citizenship/3). Teara.govt.nz (4 March 2009). Retrieved 26 December 2012. 37\. Craig, Robert D. (2011). "[Historical Dictionary of Polynesia](https://books.google.com/books?id=Julc0FIsYMEC&q=Albert+Henry+was+succeeded+by+Tom+Davis&pg=PA57)". Rowman & Littlefield. 38\. "[Cook Islands Marae Moana legislation passed](http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/335067/cook-islands-marae-moana-legislation-passed)". [RNZ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNZ). 13 July 2017. 39\. "[Cook Islands: Backlash over name change leads to compromise traditional name](https://www.abc.net.au/radio-australia/programs/pacificbeat/cook-islands-name-change/11140916)". *Pacific Beat with Catherine Graue*. ABC News. 23 May 2019. 40\. "[Renewed calls for the Cook Islands to take on indigenous name](https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/420385/renewed-calls-for-the-cook-islands-to-take-on-indigenous-name)". *[RNZ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNZ)*. 2 July 2020. 41\. "Cook Islands Travel Guide" (with description), *World Travel Guide*, Nexus Media Communications, 2006. Webpage: [WTGuide-Cook-Islands](http://www.worldtravelguide.net/country/65/country_guide/Australia-and-South-Pacific/Cook-Islands.html) . 42\. "[Cook Islands climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation, best time](https://www.climatestotravel.com/climate/cook-islands)". *www.climatestotravel.com*. 43\. Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; Joshi, Anup; Vynne, Carly; Burgess, Neil D.; Wikramanayake, Eric; Hahn, Nathan; Palminteri, Suzanne; Hedao, Prashant (2017). "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm". *BioScience*. 44\. "[Census of Population and Dwellings 2021](https://stats.gov.ck/download/83/census-2021/1497/2021-census-report-with-tables-and-questionnaire.pdf)". Cook Islands Statistics Office. 2022. 45\. "[Cook Islands Wildlife](http://www.govisitcookislands.com/cook-islands/wildlife.asp)". *Govisitcookislands.com*. 46\. "[*Rattus rattus* – Ship Rat](http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/species.asp?id=8747)". *[Cook Islands Biodiversity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_Biodiversity)*. [Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_Natural_Heritage_Trust). 47\. "[*Rattus exulans* – Pacific Rat](http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/species.asp?id=8745)". *[Cook Islands Biodiversity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_Biodiversity)*. [Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_Natural_Heritage_Trust). 48\. "[The Status of Cook Islands Birds – 1996](http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/showarticle.asp?id=7)". *[Cook Islands Biodiversity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_Biodiversity)*. [Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Islands_Natural_Heritage_Trust). 24 September 2005. 49\. "[Rimatara Lorikeet *Vini kuhlii*](https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/rimatara-lorikeet-vini-kuhlii)". *Birdlife Datazone*. BirdLife International. 50\. "[*Centropyge boylei*, Peppermint angelfish](https://www.fishbase.se/summary/25427)". *www.fishbase.se*. 51\. Spurrier, Craig (30 October 2018). "[Nationalism and Sovereignty in Niue, the Cook Islands, Fiji and Hawai‘i](https://uwo.scholaris.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/5dbe2ef5-936d-4a29-b290-77f2e6b4ee76/content)". *uwo.scholaris.ca*. [University of Western Ontario](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario). 52\. "[Cook Islands System of Government Information](http://www.paclii.org/ck/government.html)". *www.paclii.org*. 53\. "[Repertory of Practice](http://legal.un.org/repertory/art102/english/rep_supp8_vol6-art102_e_advance.pdf)". *Legal.un.org*. 54\. "[The World today](https://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/world00.pdf)". *Legal.un.org*. 55\. "[Treaty Between the United States of America and the Cook Islands on Friendship and Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary Between the United States of America and the Cook Islands (and Exchange of Notes)](http://www.paclii.org/pits/en/treaty_database/1980/6.html)". *Pacific Islands Treaty Series*. University of the South Pacific School of Law. 56\. "[Agreement on Maritime Delimitation Between the Government of the Cook Islands and the Government of the French Republic](http://www.paclii.org/pits/en/treaty_database/1990/4.html)". *Pacific Islands Treaty Series*. University of the South Pacific School of Law. 57\. "[Chapter XXVI: Disarmament – No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons](https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-9&chapter=26&clang=_en)". United Nations Treaty Collection. 7 July 2017. 58\. "[On the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the United States and the Cook Islands](https://www.state.gov/on-the-establishment-of-diplomatic-relations-between-the-united-states-and-the-cook-islands/#:~:text=With%20the%20establishment%20of%20diplomatic,human%20rights%2C%20and%20good%20governance.)". *U.S. Department of State*. 59\. Mika, Talaia (24 August 2024). "[Cook Islands 'not invited' to CHOGM](https://www.cookislandsnews.com/internal/national/regional/economy/pacific-islands/cook-islands-not-invited-to-chogm/)". *Cook Islands News*. 60\. Mika, Talaia (4 January 2025). "[Cook Islands not qualified for UN membership, says prime minister](https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/538066/cook-islands-not-qualified-for-un-membership-says-prime-minister)". *Cook Islands News*. 61\. Dziedzic, Stephen; Raela, Johnson (3 April 2025). "[Cook Islands PM says a new constitutional agreement with NZ needs to reflect country's increasing independence](https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-04-03/china-cook-islands-deal-new-zealand-mark-brown-winston-peters/105128644)". *[ABC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_News_%28Australia%29)*. 62\. "[About Cook Islands](https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/countries-and-regions/australia-and-pacific/cook-islands/new-zealand-high-commission-to-the-cook-islands/about-cook-islands/)". *New Zealand – Foreign Affairs and Trade*. 63\. "[Illegal Fishing Targeted](https://www.nzdf.mil.nz/assets/Uploads/DocumentLibrary/NavyToday_Issue261.pdf)". *Navy Today*. December 2021. 64\. "[More than 20 fishing vessels inspected during New Zealand-led South Pacific fisheries patrol](https://www.mpi.govt.nz/news/media-releases/more-than-20-fishing-vessels-inspected-during-new-zealand-led-south-pacific-fisheries-patrol/)". *New Zealand – Ministry for Primary Industries*. 11 August 2023. 65\. "[New Zealand Military 'Not in a Fit State,' Government Says](https://www.thedefensepost.com/2023/08/04/new-zealand-military-not-fit/#google_vignette)". *The Defence Post*. 4 August 2023. 66\. "[Defence Policy and Strategy Statement 2023](https://www.defence.govt.nz/assets/publication/file/23-0195-Defence-Policy-and-Strategy-Statement-WEB.PDF)". *New Zealand Government*. August 2023. 67\. "[Patrol boat 'born again'](http://www.cookislandsnews.com/item/51765-patrol-boat-born-again/51765-patrol-boat-born-again)". *Cook Islands News*. 15 May 2015. 68\. "[Prime Minister Brown to Attend Handover Ceremony for CIPPB Te Kukupa II](https://mfai.gov.ck/news-updates/mfai-media-release-prime-minister-brown-attend-handover-ceremony-cippb-te-kukupa-ii)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immigration – Government of the Cook Islands. 9 June 2022. 69\. [Cook Islands Customs Legislation and Tariffs](https://www.mfem.gov.ck/customs-legislation-tariffs) 70\. "[State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition](http://ilga.org/downloads/02_ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2016_ENG_WEB_150516.pdf)". *[International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Lesbian,_Gay,_Bisexual,_Trans_and_Intersex_Association)*. 17 May 2016. 71\. "[Cook Islands parliament decriminalises homosexuality](https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/488019/cook-islands-parliament-decriminalises-homosexuality)". [RNZ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNZ). 15 April 2023. 72\. Larmour, Peter and Barcham, Manuhuia. [Cook Islands 2004](https://web.archive.org/web/20090324214201/http://www.transparency.org.au/documents/cookislands.pdf), [Transparency International](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_International) Country Study Report. 73\. "[Rarotonga Local Government (Repeal) Bill To Be Tabled, Cook Islands Government](http://www.cook-islands.gov.ck/view_release.php?release_id=990)". Cook-islands.gov.ck. 74\. [Minister asked to answer queries over abolition of Vaka Councils](https://web.archive.org/web/20090102015825/http://www.ciherald.co.ck/articles/h392b.htm). *The Cook Islands Herald*, No. 393 (9 February 2008) 75\. *Polynesia French Business Law Handbook: Strategic Information and Laws* ISBN 1-4387-7081-2 p. 130 76\. "[Cook Islands and China discuss forward co-operation \| TE KAUONO TUTARA E TE MANA TIAKI](https://mfai.gov.ck/news-updates/cook-islands-and-china-discuss-forward-co-operation)". *mfai.gov.ck*. 77\. "[UN Tourism Data Dashboard](https://www.unwto.org/tourism-data/un-tourism-tourism-dashboard)". *www.unwto.org*. 78\. "[Other airports of the Cook Islands](https://cookislandsairports.com/other-airports/)". *cookislandsairports.com*. Air Rarotonga. 79\. "[Cook Islands Port of Arutanga, Atiutaki](https://lca.logcluster.org/212-cook-islands-port-arutanga-aitutaki)". *Logistics Capacity Assessment*. [Logistics Cluster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistics_Cluster). 2018. 80\. Wayne, Leslie (14 December 2013). "[Cook Islands, a Paradise of Untouchable Assets](https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/15/business/international/paradise-of-untouchable-assets.html)". *[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times)*. 81\. Rosen, Howard; Donlevy-Rosen, Patricia. "[Review of Offshore Jurisdictions: Cook Islands](http://protectyou.com/1996/01/review-of-offshore-jurisdictions-part-1/)". The Asset Protection News. 82\. "[Sea Bed Minerals Act 2019](https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5cca30fab2cf793ec6d94096/t/5d3f683993ea3f0001b7379c/1564436729995/Seabed+Minerals+Act+2019)". *Clerk of the Parliament*. 17 June 2019. 83\. Carstens, Halfdan (22 September 2022). "[The very first licences for nodule exploration](https://geoexpro.com/the-very-first-licences-for-nodule-exploration/)". *Geo Expro*. 84\. "[Chinese research ship scouts deep-ocean floor in South Pacific](https://hongkongfp.com/2025/11/08/chinese-research-ship-scouts-deep-ocean-floor-in-south-pacific/)". *Hong Kong Free Press*. 8 November 2025. 85\. Inayatullah, Saim Dušan (22 February 2025). "[Cook Islands announces deep sea minerals deal with China](https://www.dw.com/en/cook-islands-announces-deep-sea-minerals-deal-with-china/a-71711275)". *[Deutsche Welle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Welle)*. 86\. "[United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics](http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm)". *Unstats.un.org*. 87\. (no text) 88\. "[Cook Islands](https://www.ethnologue.com/country/CK/languages)". *Ethnologue*. 89\. "[Lords of the Dance : Culture of the Cook Islands](http://www.ck/culture.htm#visual)". Ck. 12 November 2013. 90\. "[Lords of the Dance : Culture of the Cook Islands](http://www.ck/culture.htm#crafts)". Ck. 12 November 2013. 91\. "[Tivaevae – Quilts of the Cook Islands](http://www.ck/tivaevae.htm)". Ck. 15 July 2004. 92\. "[The Cook Islands Arts Community](http://cookislandsarts.com/)". *Cookislandsarts.com*. 93\. "[Gallery director cautious as global market 'fairly immune so far' ...](https://www.cookislandsnews.com/internal/national/local/business/gallery-director-cautious-as-global-market-fairly-immune-so-far/)". *Cook Islands News*. 22 February 2023. 94\. "[Celebrating 30 years of colour](https://www.cookislandsnews.com/culture/celebrating-30-years-of-colour/)". *Cook Islands News*. 24 July 2018. 95\. "[Ian George – Tautai – Guiding Pacific Artstautai – Guiding Pacific Arts](http://www.tautai.org/artist/ian-george/)". TAUTAI. 20 June 2014. 96\. "[New Zealand Foreign Minister visits Gallery Tavioni and Vananga](https://www.cookislandsnews.com/uncategorised/internal/national/culture/new-zealand-foreign-minister-visits-gallery-tavioni-and-vananga/)". *Cook Islands News*. 15 October 2022. 97\. "[Cook Islands Museum and Library Society \| Official Website of the Cook Islands Library & Museum Society](http://cook-islands-library-museum.org/)". *Cook-islands-library-museum.org*. 22 December 1964. 98\. "[Cook Islands Sports and National Olympic Committee (CISNOC)](https://www.oceanianoc.org/membership/cook-islands)". *ONOC*. 20 March 2024. 99\. "[Cook Islands loses to Papua New Guinea at Rugby League World Cup, but the game means more than the result](https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-10-26/cook-islands-hold-head-high-worlds-only-two-rugby-league-nations/101579188)". *ABC News*. 26 October 2022. 100\. Dawrs, Stu. "[Research Guides: Pacific Islands Newspapers : Cook Islands](https://guides.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/c.php?g=105813&p=819105)". *guides.library.manoa.hawaii.edu*. 101\. "[Late Cooks PM a Free Press Leader: PFF – Solomon Times Online](https://www.solomontimes.com/news/late-cooks-pm-a-free-press-leader-pff/6958)". *SolomonTimes.com*. [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cook_Islands/) [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cook_Islands/page/2/) **3** - ← previous: [page 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cook_Islands/page/2/) - ↑ back to [English Wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/)