--- title: Of native languages still spoken, primarily in indigenous reservatio… — Costa Rica · tree and pragmatics description: Of native languages still spoken, primarily in indigenous reservations, the most numerically important are the Bribri, Maléku, Cabécar and Ngäbere languages; some of these have several thousand speakers in Costa Rica while others have a few hundred. Who acts: some, others. A sentence of Wikipedia's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Costa_Rica/232/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Costa Rica](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Costa_Rica/) / 232 # Costa Rica, sentence 232 From Wikipedia, [«Costa Rica»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costa_Rica), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. Of native languages still spoken, primarily in indigenous reservations, the most numerically important are the Bribri, Maléku, Cabécar and Ngäbere languages; some of these have several thousand speakers in Costa Rica while others have a few hundred. **Who acts:** some, others · **What happens:** speak, be, have · **To what, where:** indigenous reservations, important Bribri, thousand speakers, Costa, few hundred · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Costa Rica». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (some, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Costa_Rica:232 # text = Of native languages still spoken, primarily in indigenous reservations, the most numerically important are the Bribri, Maléku, Cabécar and Ngäbere languages; some of these have several thousand speakers in Costa Rica while others have a few hundred. 1 Of of ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 native native ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 4 still still ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 spoken speak VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 primarily primarily ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 indigenous indigenous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 reservations reservation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 13 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 14 advmod _ _ 14 numerically numerically ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 important important ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 16 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 Bribri Bribri PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 Maléku Maléku PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 Cabécar Cabécar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 Ngäbere Ngäbere PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 27 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 30 nsubj _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 these this PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 27 nmod _ _ 30 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 31 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 33 nummod _ _ 33 speakers speaker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 Costa Costa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 36 Rica Rica PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 flat _ _ 37 while while SCONJ IN _ 39 mark _ _ 38 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 nsubj _ _ 39 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 advcl _ _ 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 41 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 39 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle | | | | indigenous reservations | still | of native languages | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | present | | the important Bribri and Cabécar and Ngäbere languages | | | | Cabécar *conj*; Ngäbere languages *conj* | tree rules | | 3 | **have** | present | some of these | thousand speakers | | Costa | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speaker=Patient | | 4 | **have** | present | others | a few hundred | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hundred=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Costa Rica», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 231](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Costa_Rica/231/) - next →: [sentence 233](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Costa_Rica/233/) - ↑ back to [Costa Rica](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Costa_Rica/)