---
title: A spokesperson blamed the increased U.S. trade embargo although econ… — Cuba · tree and pragmatics
description: A spokesperson blamed the increased U.S. trade embargo although economists believe that an equally important problem is the massive decline of aid from Venezuela and the failure of Cuba's state-run oil company which had subsidized fuel costs. Who acts: spokesperson, economists, important problem, fu
---

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# Cuba, sentence 443

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From Wikipedia, [«Cuba»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuba), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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A spokesperson blamed the increased U.S. trade embargo although economists believe that an equally important problem is the massive decline of aid from Venezuela and the failure of Cuba's state-run oil company which had subsidized fuel costs.

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**Who acts:** spokesperson, economists, important problem, fuel, run oil company · **What happens:** blame, increase, believe, be, subsidize, cost · **To what, where:** increased U.S. trade embargo, massive decline, run oil company · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cuba». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spokesperson, economists, important problem, fuel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Cuba:443
# text = A spokesperson blamed the increased U.S. trade embargo although economists believe that an equally important problem is the massive decline of aid from Venezuela and the failure of Cuba's state-run oil company which had subsidized fuel costs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spokesperson	spokesperson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	blamed	blame	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	increased	increase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
6	U.S.	U.S.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	embargo	embargo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	economists	economist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	equally	equally	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	massive	massive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	decline	decline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	ccomp	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Venezuela	Venezuela	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	failure	failure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
29	Cuba	Cuba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	's	's	PART	POS	_	29	case	_	_
31	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	run	run	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
34	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
36	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
37	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
38	subsidized	subsidize	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	acl:relcl	_	_
39	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nsubj	_	_
40	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blame** | past | a spokesperson | the increased U.S. trade embargo |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent embargo=Theme |
| 2 | **increase** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **believe** | present | economists |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is a** | present | a important problem | the massive decline and the failure of Cuba's run oil company |  |  |  | of aid from Venezuela; the failure of Cuba's run oil company *conj* | tree rules |
| 5 | **subsidize** | past · perfect · passive |  | Cuba's run oil company |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **cost** | present | fuel |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **fail** |  | Cuba's run oil company |  |  |  |  |  | nom failure «act intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Cuba», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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